list1-第33章

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in　the　way　of　progress　in　manufactures；　agriculture；　and　trade；　as



well　as　of　national　freedom；　and　France　would　then　have　undergone



no　revolution；　but　rather；　impelled　along　the　path　of　development



by　the　reciprocating　influences　of　industry　and　freedom；　she　might



for　the　last　century　and　a　half　have　been　successfully　competing



with　England　in　manufactures；　in　the　promotion　of　her　internal



trade；　in　foreign　commerce；　and　in　colonisation；　as　well　as　in　her



fisheries；　her　navigation；　and　her　naval　power。



　　　　Finally；　history　teaches　us　how　nations　which　have　been　endowed



by　Nature　with　all　resources　which　are　requisite　for　the　attainment



of　the　highest　grade　of　wealth　and　power；　may　and　must　　without



on　that　account　forfeiting　the　end　in　view　　modify　their　systems



according　to　the　measure　of　their　own　progress：　in　the　first　stage；



adopting　free　trade　with　more　advanced　nations　as　a　means　of



raising　themselves　from　a　state　of　barbarism；　and　of　making



advances　in　agriculture；　in　the　second　stage；　promoting　the　growth



of　manufactures；　fisheries；　navigation；　and　foreign　trade　by　means



of　commercial　restrictions；　and　in　the　last　stage；　after　reaching



the　highest　degree　of　wealth　and　power；　by　gradually　reverting　to



the　principle　of　free　trade　and　of　unrestricted　competition　in　the



home　as　well　as　in　foreign　markets；　that　so　their　agriculturists；



manufacturers；　and　merchants　may　be　preserved　from　indolence；　and



stimulated　to　retain　the　supremacy　which　they　have　acquired。　In　the



first　stage；　we　see　Spain；　Portugal；　and　the　Kingdom　of　Naples；　in



the　second；　Germany　and　the　United　States　of　North　America；　France



apparently　stands　close　upon　the　boundary　line　of　the　last　stage；



but　Great　Britain　alone　at　the　present　time　has　actually　reached



it。









End