贝壳电子书 > 英文原著电子书 > areopagitica >

第7章

areopagitica-第7章

小说: areopagitica 字数: 每页4000字

按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!




list; that all may know which are condemned; and which not; and

ordain that no foreign books be delivered out of custody; till they

have been read over。  This office will require the whole time of

not a few overseers; and those no vulgar men。  There be also books

which are partly useful and excellent; partly culpable and

pernicious; this work will ask as many more officials; to make

expurgations and expunctions; that the commonwealth of learning be

not damnified。  In fine; when the multitude of books increase upon

their hands; ye must be fain to catalogue all those printers who

are found frequently offending; and forbid the importation of their

whole suspected typography。  In a word; that this your Order may be

exact and not deficient; ye must reform it perfectly according to

the model of Trent and Seville; which I know ye abhor to do。



Yet though ye should condescend to this; which God forbid; the

Order still would be but fruitless and defective to that end

whereto ye meant it。  If to prevent sects and schisms; who is so

unread or so uncatechized in story; that hath not heard of many

sects refusing books as a hindrance; and preserving their doctrine

unmixed for many ages; only by unwritten traditions?  The Christian

faith; for that was once a schism; is not unknown to have spread

all over Asia; ere any Gospel or Epistle was seen in writing。  If

the amendment of manners be aimed at; look into Italy and Spain;

whether those places be one scruple the better; the honester; the

wiser; the chaster; since all the inquisitional rigour that hath

been executed upon books。



Another reason; whereby to make it plain that this Order will

miss the end it seeks; consider by the quality which ought to be in

every licenser。  It cannot be denied but that he who is made judge

to sit upon the birth or death of books; whether they may be wafted

into this world or not; had need to be a man above the common

measure; both studious; learned; and judicious; there may be else

no mean mistakes in the censure of what is passable or not; which

is also no mean injury。  If he be of such worth as behooves him;

there cannot be a more tedious and unpleasing journey…work; a

greater loss of time levied upon his head; than to be made the

perpetual reader of unchosen books and pamphlets; ofttimes huge

volumes。  There is no book that is acceptable unless at certain

seasons; but to be enjoined the reading of that at all times; and

in a hand scarce legible; whereof three pages would not down at any

time in the fairest print; is an imposition which I cannot believe

how he that values time and his own studies; or is but of a

sensible nostril; should be able to endure。  In this one thing I

crave leave of the present licensers to be pardoned for so

thinking; who doubtless took this office up; looking on it through

their obedience to the Parliament; whose command perhaps made all

things seem easy and unlaborious to them; but that this short trial

hath wearied them out already; their own expressions and excuses to

them who make so many journeys to solicit their licence are

testimony enough。  Seeing therefore those who now possess the

employment by all evident signs wish themselves well rid of it; and

that no man of worth; none that is not a plain unthrift of his own

hours; is ever likely to succeed them; except he mean to put

himself to the salary of a press corrector; we may easily foresee

what kind of licensers we are to expect hereafter; either ignorant;

imperious; and remiss; or basely pecuniary。  This is what I had to

show; wherein this Order cannot conduce to that end whereof it

bears the intention。



I lastly proceed from the no good it can do; to the manifest hurt

it causes; in being first the greatest discouragement and affront

that can be offered to learning; and to learned men。



It was the complaint and lamentation of prelates; upon every

least breath of a motion to remove pluralities; and distribute more

equally Church revenues; that then all learning would be for ever

dashed and discouraged。  But as for that opinion; I never found

cause to think that the tenth part of learning stood or fell with

the clergy: nor could I ever but hold it for a sordid and unworthy

speech of any churchman who had a competency left him。  If

therefore ye be loath to dishearten utterly and discontent; not the

mercenary crew of false pretenders to learning; but the free and

ingenuous sort of such as evidently were born to study; and love

learning for itself; not for lucre or any other end but the service

of God and of truth; and perhaps that lasting fame and perpetuity

of praise which God and good men have consented shall be the reward

of those whose published labours advance the good of mankind; then

know that; so far to distrust the judgment and the honesty of one

who hath but a common repute in learning; and never yet offended;

as not to count him fit to print his mind without a tutor and

examiner; lest he should drop a schism; or something of corruption;

is the greatest displeasure and indignity to a free and knowing

spirit that can be put upon him。



What advantage is it to be a man; over it is to be a boy at

school; if we have only escaped the ferula to come under the fescue

of an Imprimatur; if serious and elaborate writings; as if they

were no more than the theme of a grammar…lad under his pedagogue;

must not be uttered without the cursory eyes of a temporizing and

extemporizing licenser?  He who is not trusted with his own

actions; his drift not being known to be evil; and standing to the

hazard of law and penalty; has no great argument to think himself

reputed in the Commonwealth wherein he was born for other than a

fool or a foreigner。  When a man writes to the world; he summons up

all his reason and deliberation to assist him; he searches;

meditates; is industrious; and likely consults and confers with his

judicious friends; after all which done he takes himself to be

informed in what he writes; as well as any that writ before him。 

If; in this the most consummate act of his fidelity and ripeness;

no years; no industry; no former proof of his abilities can bring

him to that state of maturity; as not to be still mistrusted and

suspected; unless he carry all his considerate diligence; all his

midnight watchings and expense of Palladian oil; to the hasty view

of an unleisured licenser; perhaps much his younger; perhaps his

inferior in judgment; perhaps one who never knew the labour of

bookwriting; and if he be not repulsed or slighted; must appear in

print like a puny with his guardian; and his censor's hand on the

back of his title to be his bail and surety that he is no idiot or

seducer; it cannot be but a dishonour and derogation to the author;

to the book; to the privilege and dignity of learning。



And what if the author shall be one so copious of fancy; as to

have many things well worth the adding come into his mind after

licensing; while the book is yet under the press; which not seldom

happens to the best and diligentest writers; and that perhaps a

dozen times in one book?  The printer dares not go beyond his

licensed copy; so often then must the author trudge to his leave…

giver; that those his new insertions may be viewed; and many a

jaunt will be made; ere that licenser; for it must be the same man;

can either be found; or found at leisure; meanwhile either the

press must stand still; which is no small damage; or the author

lose his accuratest thoughts; and send the book forth worse than he

had made it; which to a diligent writer is the greatest melancholy

and vexation that can befall。



And how can a man teach with authority; which is the life of

teaching; how can he be a doctor in his book as he ought to be; or

else had better be silent; whenas all he teaches; all he delivers;

is but under the tuition; under the correction of his patriarchal

licenser to blot or alter what precisely accords n

返回目录 上一页 下一页 回到顶部 0 0

你可能喜欢的