±´¿Çµç×ÓÊé > Ó¢ÎÄÔ­Öøµç×ÓÊé > russia in 1919(1919µÄ¶í¹ú) >

µÚ33ÕÂ

russia in 1919(1919µÄ¶í¹ú)-µÚ33ÕÂ

С˵£º russia in 1919(1919µÄ¶í¹ú) ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




to¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡agreement¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Lenin's¡¡¡¡¡¡Government¡£¡¨¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡gathered¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡

their¡¡¡¡¡¡choice¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡name¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Soviet¡¡¡¡¡¡Government£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡extremely¡¡

hostile¡¡to¡¡it£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡fear¡¡worse¡¡things£»¡¡and¡¡are¡¡consequently¡¡a¡¡little¡¡shy¡¡of¡¡

exploiting¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡easily¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dislike¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡hunger¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

cold¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡fear¡¡that¡¡agitation¡¡on¡¡these¡¡lines¡¡might¡¡well¡¡result¡¡in¡¡anarchy£»¡¡

which¡¡would¡¡leave¡¡the¡¡revolution¡¡temporarily¡¡defenceless¡¡against¡¡Kolchak£»¡¡

Denikin£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Judenitch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡armed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡reactionary¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Their¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡non¡­¡¡

Communist¡¡enemies¡¡say¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Mensheviks£º¡¡¡¨They¡¡have¡¡no¡¡constructive¡¡

programme£»¡¡they¡¡would¡¡like¡¡a¡¡bourgeois¡¡government¡¡back¡¡again£»¡¡in¡¡order¡¡

that¡¡they¡¡might¡¡be¡¡in¡¡opposition¡¡to¡¡it£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡left¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡On¡¡March¡¡2nd£»¡¡I¡¡went¡¡to¡¡an¡¡election¡¡meeting¡¡of¡¡workers¡¡and¡¡officials¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Moscow¡¡¡¡¡¡Co¡­operatives¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡beastly¡¡¡¡¡¡cold¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡hall¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

University¡¡where¡¡the¡¡meeting¡¡was¡¡held£»¡¡and¡¡my¡¡nose¡¡froze¡¡as¡¡well¡¡as¡¡my¡¡

feet¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Speakers¡¡were¡¡announced¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Communists£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Internationalists£»¡¡

Mensheviks£»¡¡and¡¡Right¡¡Social¡¡Revolutionaries¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡last¡­named¡¡did¡¡not¡¡

arrive¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡Presidium¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡part¡¡¡¡¡¡non¡­Communist£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

meeting¡¡was¡¡about¡¡equally¡¡divided¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡and¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Communists¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡

Communist¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡led¡¡¡¡off¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡bad¡¡¡¡¡¡speech¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡general¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡European¡¡

situation¡¡and¡¡to¡¡the¡¡effect¡¡that¡¡there¡¡was¡¡no¡¡salvation¡¡for¡¡Russia¡¡except¡¡by¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡she¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡going¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Lozovsky£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡Internationalist£»¡¡¡¡¡¡spoke¡¡¡¡¡¡next£»¡¡

supporting¡¡the¡¡Bolsheviks'¡¡general¡¡policy¡¡but¡¡criticizing¡¡their¡¡suppression¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡press¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Then¡¡came¡¡Dan£»¡¡the¡¡Menshevik£»¡¡to¡¡hear¡¡whom¡¡I¡¡had¡¡come¡£¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡111¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡RUSSIA¡¡IN¡¡1919¡¡



He¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡little£»¡¡¡¡sanguine¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡gets¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡hot¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡speaks¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡

conducted¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡attack¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡Bolshevik¡¡¡¡¡¡position¡¡¡¡¡¡combined¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

declaration¡¡that¡¡so¡¡long¡¡as¡¡they¡¡are¡¡attacked¡¡from¡¡without¡¡he¡¡is¡¡prepared¡¡to¡¡

support¡¡them¡£¡¡The¡¡gist¡¡of¡¡his¡¡speech¡¡was£º¡¡1¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡in¡¡favour¡¡of¡¡fighting¡¡

Kolchak¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bolshevik¡¡¡¡¡¡policy¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡regard¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡peasants¡¡¡¡¡¡will£»¡¡

since¡¡as¡¡the¡¡army¡¡grows¡¡it¡¡must¡¡contain¡¡more¡¡and¡¡more¡¡peasants£»¡¡end¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡creation¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡army¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡counter¡­revolutionary¡¡¡¡¡¡sympathies¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡

objected¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Bolshevik¡¡criticism¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Berne£»¡¡delegation¡¡£¨see¡¡page¡¡156£©¡¡

on¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡curious¡¡¡¡¡¡grounds£»¡¡¡¡¡¡saying¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡though¡¡¡¡¡¡Thomas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Henderson£»¡¡¡¡¡¡etc¡££»¡¡

backed¡¡their¡¡own¡¡Imperialists¡¡during¡¡the¡¡war£»¡¡all¡¡that¡¡was¡¡now¡¡over£»¡¡and¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡union¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡help£»¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡hinder£»¡¡¡¡¡¡revolution¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

France¡£¡¡4¡£¡¡He¡¡pointed¡¡out¡¡that¡¡¡¨All¡¡power¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Soviets¡¨¡¡now¡¡means¡¡¡¨All¡¡

power¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Bolsheviks£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡said¡¡that¡¡he¡¡wished¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Soviets¡¡should¡¡

actually¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡instead¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡merely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡supporting¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Bolshevik¡¡

bureaucracy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡was¡¡asked¡¡for¡¡his¡¡own¡¡programme£»¡¡but¡¡said¡¡he¡¡had¡¡not¡¡

time¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡watched¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡applause¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡carefully¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡General¡¡

dissatisfaction¡¡with¡¡the¡¡present¡¡state¡¡of¡¡affairs¡¡was¡¡obvious£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡was¡¡also¡¡

obvious¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡party¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡chance¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡admitted¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡aim¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

extinction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Soviets¡¡£¨which¡¡Dan's¡¡ultimate¡¡aim¡¡certainly¡¡is£»¡¡or¡¡at¡¡least¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡changing¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡non¡­political¡¡¡¡¡¡industrial¡¡¡¡¡¡organizations£©¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡

was¡¡not¡¡prepared¡¡to¡¡fight¡¡against¡¡reaction¡¡from¡¡without¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡went¡¡to¡¡see¡¡Sukhanov¡¡£¨the¡¡friend¡¡of¡¡Gorky¡¡and¡¡Martov£»¡¡though¡¡his¡¡

political¡¡opinions¡¡do¡¡not¡¡precisely¡¡agree¡¡with¡¡those¡¡of¡¡either£©£»¡¡partly¡¡to¡¡get¡¡

the¡¡proofs¡¡of¡¡his¡¡first¡¡volume¡¡of¡¡reminiscences¡¡of¡¡the¡¡revolution£»¡¡partly¡¡to¡¡

hear¡¡what¡¡he¡¡had¡¡to¡¡say¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡found¡¡him¡¡muffled¡¡up¡¡in¡¡a¡¡dressing¡¡gown¡¡or¡¡

overcoat¡¡in¡¡an¡¡unheated¡¡flat£»¡¡sitting¡¡down¡¡to¡¡tea¡¡with¡¡no¡¡sugar£»¡¡very¡¡little¡¡

bread£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡little¡¡¡¡sausage¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡surprising¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡scrap¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡butter£»¡¡¡¡¡¡brought¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in£»¡¡¡¡I¡¡

suppose£»¡¡from¡¡the¡¡country¡¡by¡¡a¡¡friend¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nikitsky£»¡¡a¡¡Menshevik£»¡¡was¡¡also¡¡

there£»¡¡a¡¡hopeless¡¡figure£»¡¡prophesying¡¡the¡¡rotting¡¡of¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡system¡¡and¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡revolution¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sukhanov¡¡asked¡¡me¡¡if¡¡I¡¡had¡¡noticed¡¡the¡¡disappearance¡¡

of¡¡all¡¡spoons¡¡£¨there¡¡are¡¡now¡¡none£»¡¡but¡¡wooden¡¡spoons¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Metropole£©¡¡as¡¡

a¡¡symbol¡¡of¡¡the¡¡falling¡¡to¡¡pieces¡¡of¡¡the¡¡revolution¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡told¡¡him¡¡that¡¡though¡¡

I¡¡had¡¡not¡¡lived¡¡in¡¡Russia¡¡thirty¡¡years¡¡or¡¡more£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡had£»¡¡I¡¡had¡¡yet¡¡lived¡¡

there¡¡long¡¡enough¡¡and¡¡had£»¡¡before¡¡the¡¡revolution£»¡¡sufficient¡¡experience¡¡in¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡112¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡RUSSIA¡¡IN¡¡1919¡¡



the¡¡loss¡¡of¡¡fishing¡¡tackle£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡surprised¡¡that¡¡Russian¡¡peasants£»¡¡even¡¡

delegates£»¡¡when¡¡able£»¡¡as¡¡in¡¡such¡¡a¡¡moment¡¡of¡¡convulsion¡¡as¡¡the¡¡revolution£»¡¡

stole¡¡¡¡¡¡spoons¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡souvenirs¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡show¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡really¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

Moscow¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡talked£»¡¡of¡¡course£»¡¡of¡¡their¡¡attitude¡¡towards¡¡the¡¡Bolsheviks¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Both¡¡

work¡¡in¡¡Soviet¡¡institutions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sukhanov¡¡£¨Nikitsky¡¡agreeing£©¡¡believed¡¡that¡¡

if¡¡the¡¡Bolsheviks¡¡came¡¡further¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡other¡¡parties£»¡¡Mensheviks£»¡¡etc¡££»¡¡

¡¨Kolchak¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Denikin¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡commit¡¡¡¡¡¡suicide¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡Lloyd¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡

would¡¡give¡¡up¡¡all¡¡thought¡¡of¡¡intervention¡£¡¨¡¡I¡¡asked£»¡¡What¡¡if¡¡they¡¡should¡¡be¡¡

told¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡hold¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡Constituent¡¡¡¡¡¡Assembly¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡submit¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡continuance¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

blockade£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sukhanov¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡said£»¡¡¡¡¡¨Such¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡Constituent¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Assembly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡

impossible£»¡¡and¡¡we¡¡should¡¡be¡¡against¡¡it¡£¡¨¡¡Of¡¡the¡¡Soviets£»¡¡one¡¡or¡¡other¡¡said£»¡¡

¡¨We¡¡stand¡¡absolutely¡¡on¡¡the¡¡platform¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Soviet¡¡Government¡¡now£º¡¡but¡¡

we¡¡think¡¡that¡¡such¡¡a¡¡form¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡permanent¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡consider¡¡the¡¡Soviets¡¡

perfect¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡instruments¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡class¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡struggle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡perfect¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡form¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

government¡£¡¨¡¡I¡¡asked¡¡Sukhanov¡¡if¡¡he¡¡thought¡¡counter¡¡revolution¡¡possible¡£¡¡

He¡¡said¡¡¡¨No£»¡¨¡¡but¡¡admitted¡¡that¡¡there¡¡was¡¡a¡¡danger¡¡lest¡¡the¡¡agitation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

Mensheviks¡¡or¡¡others¡¡might¡¡set¡¡fire¡¡to¡¡the¡¡discontent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡masses¡¡against¡¡

the¡¡actual¡¡physical¡¡conditions£»¡¡and¡¡end¡¡in¡¡pogroms¡¡destroying¡¡Bolsheviks¡¡

and¡¡Mensheviks¡¡alike¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Their¡¡general¡¡theory¡¡was¡¡that¡¡Russia¡¡was¡¡not¡¡so¡¡

far¡¡¡¡¡¡developed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡Socialist¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡State¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡present¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡possible¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡

therefore¡¡wanted¡¡a¡¡state¡¡in¡¡which¡¡private¡¡capital¡¡should¡¡exist£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡which¡¡

factories¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡run¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡state¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡individual¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡owners¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡

believed¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡peasants£»¡¡¡¡with¡¡their¡¡¡¡instincts¡¡¡¡of¡¡small¡¡¡¡¡¡property¡­holders£»¡¡

would¡¡eventually¡¡enforce¡¡something¡¡of¡¡the¡¡kind£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡the¡¡end¡¡would¡¡be¡¡

some¡¡form¡¡of¡¡democratic¡¡Republic¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These¡¡two¡¡were¡¡against¡¡the¡¡offering¡¡

of¡¡concessions¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Allies£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡ground¡¡that¡¡those¡¡under¡¡consideration¡¡

involved¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡handing¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡concessionaires¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡power¡¡¡¡in¡¡

northern¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Russia¡­railways£»¡¡forests£»¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡set¡¡up¡¡their¡¡own¡¡banks¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡towns¡¡served¡¡by¡¡the¡¡railway£»¡¡with¡¡all¡¡that¡¡this¡¡implied¡£¡¡Sukhanov¡¡was¡¡

against¡¡concessions¡¡on¡¡principle£»¡¡and¡¡regretted¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Mensheviks¡¡were¡¡

in¡¡favour¡¡of¡¡them¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡saw¡¡¡¡¡¡Martov¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡offices¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡newspaper£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡

suppressed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡account¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡article£»¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡admitted¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡little¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡113¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡RUSSIA¡¡IN¡¡1919¡¡



indiscreet£»¡¡objecting¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡upkeep¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Red¡¡Army¡¡¡¡£¨see¡¡¡¡¡¡page¡¡¡¡¡¡167£©¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡

pointed¡¡eloquently¡¡to¡¡the¡¡seal¡¡on¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡doors£»¡¡but¡¡told¡¡me¡¡that¡¡he¡¡

had¡¡started¡¡a¡¡new¡¡paper£»¡¡of¡¡which¡¡he¡¡showed¡¡me¡¡the¡¡first¡¡number£»¡¡and¡¡told¡¡

me¡¡that¡¡the¡¡demand¡¡for¡¡it¡¡was¡¡such¡¡that¡¡although¡¡he¡¡had¡¡intended¡¡that¡¡it¡¡

should¡¡be¡¡a¡¡weekly¡¡he¡¡now¡¡expected¡¡to¡¡make¡¡it¡¡a¡¡daily¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Martov¡¡said¡¡that¡¡

he¡¡and¡¡his¡¡party¡¡were¡¡against¡¡every¡¡form¡¡of¡¡intervention¡¡for¡¡the

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ