north america-1-µÚ48ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
iries¡¡of¡¡Illinois¡¡for¡¡cereal¡¡crops¡¡the¡¡world's¡¡surface¡¡probably¡¡cannot¡¡show¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡here¡¡there¡¡has¡¡been¡¡no¡¡necessity¡¡for¡¡the¡¡long¡¡previous¡¡labor¡¡of¡¡banishing¡¡the¡¡forest¡£¡¡Enormous¡¡prairies¡¡stretch¡¡across¡¡the¡¡State£»¡¡into¡¡which¡¡the¡¡plow¡¡can¡¡be¡¡put¡¡at¡¡once¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡earth¡¡is¡¡rich¡¡with¡¡the¡¡vegetation¡¡of¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡years£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡farmer's¡¡return¡¡is¡¡given¡¡to¡¡him¡¡without¡¡delay¡£¡¡The¡¡land¡¡bursts¡¡with¡¡its¡¡own¡¡produce£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡plenty¡¡is¡¡such¡¡that¡¡it¡¡creates¡¡wasteful¡¡carelessness¡¡in¡¡the¡¡gathering¡¡of¡¡the¡¡crop¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡not¡¡worth¡¡a¡¡man's¡¡while¡¡to¡¡handle¡¡less¡¡than¡¡large¡¡quantities¡£¡¡Up¡¡in¡¡Minnesota¡¡I¡¡had¡¡been¡¡grieved¡¡by¡¡the¡¡loose¡¡manner¡¡in¡¡which¡¡wheat¡¡was¡¡treated¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡seen¡¡bags¡¡of¡¡it¡¡upset¡¡and¡¡left¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡ground¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡labor¡¡of¡¡collecting¡¡it¡¡was¡¡more¡¡than¡¡it¡¡was¡¡worth¡£¡¡There¡¡wheat¡¡is¡¡the¡¡chief¡¡crop£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡the¡¡lands¡¡become¡¡cleared¡¡and¡¡cultivation¡¡spreads¡¡itself£»¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡coming¡¡down¡¡the¡¡Mississippi¡¡will¡¡be¡¡increased¡¡almost¡¡to¡¡infinity¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡price¡¡of¡¡wheat¡¡in¡¡Europe¡¡will¡¡soon¡¡depend£»¡¡not¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡value¡¡of¡¡the¡¡wheat¡¡in¡¡the¡¡country¡¡which¡¡grows¡¡it£»¡¡but¡¡on¡¡the¡¡power¡¡and¡¡cheapness¡¡of¡¡the¡¡modes¡¡which¡¡may¡¡exist¡¡for¡¡transporting¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡not¡¡been¡¡able¡¡to¡¡obtain¡¡the¡¡exact¡¡prices¡¡with¡¡reference¡¡to¡¡the¡¡carriage¡¡of¡¡wheat¡¡from¡¡St¡£¡¡Paul¡¡£¨the¡¡capital¡¡of¡¡Minnesota£©¡¡to¡¡Liverpool£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡have¡¡done¡¡so¡¡as¡¡regards¡¡Indian¡corn¡¡from¡¡the¡¡State¡¡of¡¡Illinois¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡following¡¡statement¡¡will¡¡show¡¡what¡¡proportion¡¡the¡¡value¡¡of¡¡the¡¡article¡¡at¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡its¡¡growth¡¡bears¡¡to¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡the¡¡carriage£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡shows¡¡also¡¡how¡¡enormous¡¡an¡¡effect¡¡on¡¡the¡¡price¡¡of¡¡corn¡¡in¡¡England¡¡would¡¡follow¡¡any¡¡serious¡¡decrease¡¡in¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡carriage£º
A¡¡bushel¡¡of¡¡Indian¡corn¡¡at¡¡Bloomington£»¡¡in¡¡Illinois£»¡¡¡¡cost£»¡¡in¡¡October£»¡¡1861¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡cents¡£¡¡Freight¡¡to¡¡Chicago¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡Storage¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡Freight¡¡from¡¡Chicago¡¡to¡¡Buffalo¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡22¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡Elevating£»¡¡and¡¡canal¡¡freight¡¡to¡¡New¡¡York¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡19¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡Transfer¡¡in¡¡New¡¡York¡¡and¡¡insurance¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡Ocean¡¡freight¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡23¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Cost¡¡of¡¡a¡¡bushel¡¡of¡¡Indian¡corn¡¡at¡¡Liverpool¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡89¡¡cents¡£
Thus¡¡corn¡¡which¡¡in¡¡Liverpool¡¡costs¡¡3s¡£¡¡l0d¡£¡¡has¡¡been¡¡sold¡¡by¡¡the¡¡farmer¡¡who¡¡produced¡¡it¡¡for¡¡5d¡££¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡probable¡¡that¡¡no¡¡great¡¡reduction¡¡can¡¡be¡¡expected¡¡in¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡ocean¡¡transit£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡will¡¡be¡¡seen¡¡by¡¡the¡¡above¡¡figures¡¡that¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Liverpool¡¡price¡¡of¡¡3s¡£¡¡l0d¡££»¡¡or¡¡89¡¡cents£»¡¡considerably¡¡more¡¡than¡¡half¡¡is¡¡paid¡¡for¡¡carriage¡¡across¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡£¡¡¡¡All¡¡or¡¡nearly¡¡all¡¡this¡¡transit¡¡is¡¡by¡¡water£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡can£»¡¡I¡¡think£»¡¡be¡¡no¡¡doubt¡¡but¡¡that¡¡a¡¡few¡¡years¡¡will¡¡see¡¡it¡¡reduced¡¡by¡¡fifty¡¡per¡¡cent¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡October¡¡last¡¡the¡¡Mississippi¡¡was¡¡closed£»¡¡the¡¡railways¡¡had¡¡not¡¡rolling¡¡stock¡¡sufficient¡¡for¡¡their¡¡work£»¡¡the¡¡crops¡¡of¡¡the¡¡two¡¡last¡¡years¡¡had¡¡been¡¡excessive£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡existed¡¡the¡¡necessity¡¡of¡¡sending¡¡out¡¡the¡¡corn¡¡before¡¡the¡¡internal¡¡navigation¡¡had¡¡been¡¡closed¡¡by¡¡frost¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡parties¡¡who¡¡had¡¡the¡¡transit¡¡in¡¡their¡¡hands¡¡put¡¡their¡¡heads¡¡together£»¡¡and¡¡were¡¡able¡¡to¡¡demand¡¡any¡¡prices¡¡that¡¡they¡¡pleased¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡will¡¡be¡¡seen¡¡that¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡carrying¡¡a¡¡bushel¡¡of¡¡corn¡¡from¡¡Chicago¡¡to¡¡Buffalo£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡lakes£»¡¡was¡¡within¡¡one¡¡cent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡cost¡¡of¡¡bringing¡¡it¡¡from¡¡New¡¡York¡¡to¡¡Liverpool¡£¡¡¡¡These¡¡temporary¡¡causes¡¡for¡¡high¡¡prices¡¡of¡¡transit¡¡will¡¡cease£»¡¡a¡¡more¡¡perfect¡¡system¡¡of¡¡competition¡¡between¡¡the¡¡railways¡¡and¡¡the¡¡water¡¡transit¡¡will¡¡be¡¡organized£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡result¡¡must¡¡necessarily¡¡be¡¡both¡¡an¡¡increase¡¡of¡¡price¡¡to¡¡the¡¡producer¡¡and¡¡a¡¡decrease¡¡of¡¡price¡¡to¡¡the¡¡consumer¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡certainly¡¡seems¡¡that¡¡the¡¡produce¡¡of¡¡cereal¡¡crops¡¡in¡¡the¡¡valleys¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Mississippi¡¡and¡¡its¡¡tributaries¡¡increases¡¡at¡¡a¡¡faster¡¡rate¡¡than¡¡population¡¡increases¡£¡¡¡¡Wheat¡¡and¡¡corn¡¡are¡¡sown¡¡by¡¡the¡¡thousand¡¡acres¡¡in¡¡a¡¡piece¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡heard¡¡of¡¡one¡¡farmer¡¡who¡¡had¡¡10£»000¡¡acres¡¡of¡¡corn¡£¡¡¡¡Thirty¡¡years¡¡ago¡¡grain¡¡and¡¡flour¡¡were¡¡sent¡¡Westward¡¡out¡¡of¡¡the¡¡State¡¡of¡¡New¡¡York¡¡to¡¡supply¡¡the¡¡wants¡¡of¡¡those¡¡who¡¡had¡¡immigrated¡¡into¡¡the¡¡prairies£»¡¡and¡¡now¡¡we¡¡find¡¡that¡¡it¡¡will¡¡be¡¡the¡¡destiny¡¡of¡¡those¡¡prairies¡¡to¡¡feed¡¡the¡¡universe¡£¡¡¡¡Chicago¡¡is¡¡the¡¡main¡¡point¡¡of¡¡exportation¡¡Northwestward¡¡from¡¡Illinois£»¡¡and¡¡at¡¡the¡¡present¡¡time¡¡sends¡¡out¡¡from¡¡its¡¡granaries¡¡more¡¡cereal¡¡produce¡¡than¡¡any¡¡other¡¡town¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡bulk¡¡of¡¡this¡¡passes£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡shape¡¡of¡¡grain¡¡or¡¡flour£»¡¡from¡¡Chicago¡¡to¡¡Buffalo£»¡¡which¡¡latter¡¡place¡¡is£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡were£»¡¡a¡¡gateway¡¡leading¡¡from¡¡the¡¡lakes£»¡¡or¡¡big¡¡waters£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡canals£»¡¡or¡¡small¡¡waters¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡give¡¡below¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡grain¡¡and¡¡flour¡¡in¡¡bushels¡¡received¡¡into¡¡Buffalo¡¡for¡¡transit¡¡in¡¡the¡¡month¡¡of¡¡October¡¡during¡¡four¡¡consecutive¡¡years£º
October£»¡¡1858¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4£»429£»055¡¡bushels¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1859¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5£»523£»448¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1860¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡6£»500£»864¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1861¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡12£»483£»797¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨
In¡¡1860£»¡¡from¡¡the¡¡opening¡¡to¡¡the¡¡close¡¡of¡¡navigation£»¡¡30£»837£»632¡¡bushels¡¡of¡¡grain¡¡and¡¡flour¡¡passed¡¡through¡¡Buffalo¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡1861£»¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡received¡¡up¡¡to¡¡the¡¡31st¡¡of¡¡October¡¡was¡¡51£»969£»142¡¡bushels¡£¡¡As¡¡the¡¡navigation¡¡would¡¡be¡¡closed¡¡during¡¡the¡¡month¡¡of¡¡November£»¡¡the¡¡above¡¡figures¡¡may¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡as¡¡representing¡¡not¡¡quite¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡amount¡¡transported¡¡for¡¡the¡¡year¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡may¡¡be¡¡presumed¡¡the¡¡52£»000£»000¡¡of¡¡bushels£»¡¡as¡¡quoted¡¡above£»¡¡will¡¡swell¡¡itself¡¡to¡¡60£»000£»000¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡confess¡¡that¡¡to¡¡my¡¡own¡¡mind¡¡statistical¡¡amounts¡¡do¡¡not¡¡bring¡¡home¡¡any¡¡enduring¡¡idea¡£¡¡¡¡Fifty¡¡million¡¡bushels¡¡of¡¡corn¡¡and¡¡flour¡¡simply¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡mean¡¡a¡¡great¡¡deal¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡powerful¡¡form¡¡of¡¡superlative£»¡¡and¡¡soon¡¡vanishes¡¡away£»¡¡as¡¡do¡¡other¡¡superlatives¡¡in¡¡this¡¡age¡¡of¡¡strong¡¡words¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡was¡¡at¡¡Chicago¡¡and¡¡at¡¡Buffalo¡¡in¡¡October£»¡¡1861¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡went¡¡down¡¡to¡¡the¡¡granaries¡¡and¡¡climbed¡¡up¡¡into¡¡the¡¡elevators¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡wheat¡¡running¡¡in¡¡rivers¡¡from¡¡one¡¡vessel¡¡into¡¡another£»¡¡and¡¡from¡¡the¡¡railroad¡¡vans¡¡up¡¡into¡¡the¡¡huge¡¡bins¡¡on¡¡the¡¡top¡¡stores¡¡of¡¡the¡¡warehousesfor¡¡these¡¡rivers¡¡of¡¡food¡¡run¡¡up¡¡hill¡¡as¡¡easily¡¡as¡¡they¡¡do¡¡down¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡corn¡¡measured¡¡by¡¡the¡¡forty¡bushel¡¡measure¡¡with¡¡as¡¡much¡¡ease¡¡as¡¡we¡¡measure¡¡an¡¡ounce¡¡of¡¡cheese¡¡and¡¡with¡¡greater¡¡rapidity¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡ascertained¡¡that¡¡the¡¡work¡¡went¡¡on£»¡¡week¡¡day¡¡and¡¡Sunday£»¡¡day¡¡and¡¡night£»¡¡incessantlyrivers¡¡of¡¡wheat¡¡and¡¡rivers¡¡of¡¡maize¡¡ever¡¡running¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡men¡¡bathed¡¡in¡¡corn¡¡as¡¡they¡¡distributed¡¡it¡¡in¡¡its¡¡flow¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡bins¡¡by¡¡the¡¡score¡¡laden¡¡with¡¡wheat£»¡¡in¡¡each¡¡of¡¡which¡¡bins¡¡there¡¡was¡¡space¡¡for¡¡a¡¡comfortable¡¡residence¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡breathed¡¡the¡¡flour¡¡and¡¡drank¡¡the¡¡flour£»¡¡and¡¡felt¡¡myself¡¡to¡¡be¡¡enveloped¡¡in¡¡a¡¡world¡¡of¡¡breadstuff¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡then¡¡I¡¡believed£»¡¡understood£»¡¡and¡¡brought¡¡it¡¡home¡¡to¡¡myself¡¡as¡¡a¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡here¡¡in¡¡the¡¡corn¡lands¡¡of¡¡Michigan£»¡¡and¡¡amid¡¡the¡¡bluffs¡¡of¡¡Wisconsin£»¡¡and¡¡on¡¡the¡¡high¡¡table¡¡plains¡¡of¡¡Minnesota£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡prairies¡¡of¡¡Illinois¡¡had¡¡God¡¡prepared¡¡the¡¡food¡¡for¡¡the¡¡increasing¡¡millions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Eastern¡¡World£»¡¡as¡¡also¡¡for¡¡the¡¡coming¡¡millions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Western¡£¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡find¡¡many¡¡minds¡¡constituted¡¡like¡¡my¡¡own£»¡¡and¡¡therefore¡¡I¡¡venture¡¡to¡¡publish¡¡the¡¡above¡¡figures¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡them¡¡to¡¡be¡¡true¡¡in¡¡the¡¡main£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡will¡¡show£»¡¡if¡¡credited£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡increase¡¡during¡¡the¡¡last¡¡four¡¡years¡¡has¡¡gone¡¡on¡¡with¡¡more¡¡than¡¡fabulous¡¡rapidity¡£¡¡For¡¡myself£»¡¡I¡¡own¡¡that¡¡those¡¡figures¡¡would¡¡have¡¡done¡¡nothing¡¡unless¡¡I¡¡had¡¡visited¡¡the¡¡spot¡¡myself¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡man¡¡can¡¡not£»¡¡perhaps¡¡count¡¡up¡¡the¡¡results¡¡of¡¡such¡¡a¡¡work¡¡by¡¡a¡¡quick¡¡glance¡¡of¡¡his¡¡eye£»¡¡nor¡¡communicate¡¡with¡¡precision¡¡to¡¡another¡¡the¡¡conviction¡¡which¡¡his¡¡own¡¡short¡¡experience¡¡has¡¡made¡¡so¡¡strong¡¡within¡¡himself£»¡¡but¡¡to¡¡himself¡¡seeing¡¡is¡¡believing¡£¡¡¡¡To¡¡me¡¡it¡¡was¡¡so¡¡at¡¡Chicago¡¡and¡¡at¡¡Buffalo¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡began¡¡then¡¡to¡¡know¡¡what¡¡it¡¡was¡¡for¡¡a¡¡country¡¡to¡¡overflow¡¡with¡¡milk¡¡and¡¡honey£»¡¡to¡¡burst¡¡with¡¡its¡¡own¡¡fruits¡¡and¡¡be¡¡smothered¡¡by¡¡its¡¡own¡¡riches¡£¡¡¡¡From¡¡St¡£¡¡Paul¡¡down¡¡the¡¡Mississippi£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡shores¡¡of¡¡Wisconsin¡¡and¡¡Iowa£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡ports¡¡on¡¡Lake¡¡Pepin£»¡¡by¡¡La¡¡Crosse£»¡¡from¡¡which¡¡one¡¡railway¡¡runs¡¡Eastward£»¡¡by¡¡Prairie¡¡du¡¡Chien£»¡¡the¡¡terminus¡¡of¡¡a¡¡second£»¡¡by¡¡Dunleath£»¡¡Fulton£»¡¡and¡¡Rock¡¡Island£»¡¡from¡¡whence¡¡three¡¡other¡¡lines¡¡run¡¡Eastward£»¡¡all¡¡through¡¡that¡¡wonderful¡¡State¡¡of¡¡Illinois£»¡¡the¡¡farmer's¡¡glory£»¡¡along¡¡the¡¡ports¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Great¡¡Lakes£»¡¡through¡¡Michigan£»¡¡Indiana£»¡¡Ohio£»¡¡and¡¡further¡¡Pennsylvania£»¡¡up¡¡to¡¡Buffalo£¿¡¡the¡¡great¡¡gate¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Western¡¡Ceres£»¡¡the¡¡loud¡¡cry¡¡was¡¡this£º¡¡¡¨How¡¡shall¡¡we¡¡rid¡¡ourselves¡¡of¡¡our¡¡corn¡¡and¡¡wheat£¿¡¨¡¡¡¡The¡¡result¡¡has¡¡been¡¡the¡¡passage¡¡of¡¡60£»000£»000¡¡bushels¡¡of¡¡breadstuffs¡¡through¡¡that¡¡gate¡¡in¡¡one¡¡year£¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡those¡¡who¡¡are¡¡susceptible¡¡of¡¡statistics¡¡ponder¡¡that¡£¡¡¡¡For¡¡them¡¡who¡¡are¡¡not¡¡I¡¡can¡¡only¡¡give¡¡this¡¡advice£º¡¡Let¡¡them¡¡go¡¡to¡¡Buffa