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第17章

01-economy-第17章

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means。  I would not have any one adopt my mode of living on any

account; for; beside that before he has fairly learned it I may have

found out another for myself; I desire that there may be as many

different persons in the world as possible; but I would have each

one be very careful to find out and pursue his own way; and not his

father's or his mother's or his neighbor's instead。  The youth may

build or plant or sail; only let him not be hindered from doing that

which he tells me he would like to do。  It is by a mathematical

point only that we are wise; as the sailor or the fugitive slave

keeps the polestar in his eye; but that is sufficient guidance for

all our life。  We may not arrive at our port within a calculable

period; but we would preserve the true course。

    Undoubtedly; in this case; what is true for one is truer still

for a thousand; as a large house is not proportionally more

expensive than a small one; since one roof may cover; one cellar

underlie; and one wall separate several apartments。  But for my

part; I preferred the solitary dwelling。  Moreover; it will commonly

be cheaper to build the whole yourself than to convince another of

the advantage of the common wall; and when you have done this; the

common partition; to be much cheaper; must be a thin one; and that

other may prove a bad neighbor; and also not keep his side in

repair。  The only co…operation which is commonly possible is

exceedingly partial and superficial; and what little true

co…operation there is; is as if it were not; being a harmony

inaudible to men。  If a man has faith; he will co…operate with equal

faith everywhere; if he has not faith; he will continue to live like

the rest of the world; whatever company he is joined to。  To

co…operate in the highest as well as the lowest sense; means to get

our living together。  I heard it proposed lately that two young men

should travel together over the world; the one without money;

earning his means as he went; before the mast and behind the plow;

the other carrying a bill of exchange in his pocket。  It was easy to

see that they could not long be companions or co…operate; since one

would not operate at all。  They would part at the first interesting

crisis in their adventures。  Above all; as I have implied; the man

who goes alone can start today; but he who travels with another must

wait till that other is ready; and it may be a long time before they

get off。

    But all this is very selfish; I have heard some of my townsmen

say。  I confess that I have hitherto indulged very little in

philanthropic enterprises。  I have made some sacrifices to a sense

of duty; and among others have sacrificed this pleasure also。  There

are those who have used all their arts to persuade me to undertake

the support of some poor family in the town; and if I had nothing to

do  for the devil finds employment for the idle  I might try my

hand at some such pastime as that。  However; when I have thought to

indulge myself in this respect; and lay their Heaven under an

obligation by maintaining certain poor persons in all respects as

comfortably as I maintain myself; and have even ventured so far as

to make them the offer; they have one and all unhesitatingly

preferred to remain poor。  While my townsmen and women are devoted

in so many ways to the good of their fellows; I trust that one at

least may be spared to other and less humane pursuits。  You must

have a genius for charity as well as for anything else。  As for

Doing…good; that is one of the professions which are full。

Moreover; I have tried it fairly; and; strange as it may seem; am

satisfied that it does not agree with my constitution。  Probably I

should not consciously and deliberately forsake my particular

calling to do the good which society demands of me; to save the

universe from annihilation; and I believe that a like but infinitely

greater steadfastness elsewhere is all that now preserves it。  But I

would not stand between any man and his genius; and to him who does

this work; which I decline; with his whole heart and soul and life;

I would say; Persevere; even if the world call it doing evil; as it

is most likely they will。

    I am far from supposing that my case is a peculiar one; no doubt

many of my readers would make a similar defence。  At doing something

 I will not engage that my neighbors shall pronounce it good  I

do not hesitate to say that I should be a capital fellow to hire;

but what that is; it is for my employer to find out。  What good I

do; in the common sense of that word; must be aside from my main

path; and for the most part wholly unintended。  Men say;

practically; Begin where you are and such as you are; without aiming

mainly to become of more worth; and with kindness aforethought go

about doing good。  If I were to preach at all in this strain; I

should say rather; Set about being good。  As if the sun should stop

when he had kindled his fires up to the splendor of a moon or a star

of the sixth magnitude; and go about like a Robin Goodfellow;

peeping in at every cottage window; inspiring lunatics; and tainting

meats; and making darkness visible; instead of steadily increasing

his genial heat and beneficence till he is of such brightness that

no mortal can look him in the face; and then; and in the meanwhile

too; going about the world in his own orbit; doing it good; or

rather; as a truer philosophy has discovered; the world going about

him getting good。  When Phaeton; wishing to prove his heavenly birth

by his beneficence; had the sun's chariot but one day; and drove out

of the beaten track; he burned several blocks of houses in the lower

streets of heaven; and scorched the surface of the earth; and dried

up every spring; and made the great desert of Sahara; till at length

Jupiter hurled him headlong to the earth with a thunderbolt; and the

sun; through grief at his death; did not shine for a year。

    There is no odor so bad as that which arises from goodness

tainted。  It is human; it is divine; carrion。  If I knew for a

certainty that a man was coming to my house with the conscious

design of doing me good; I should run for my life; as from that dry

and parching wind of the African deserts called the simoom; which

fills the mouth and nose and ears and eyes with dust till you are

suffocated; for fear that I should get some of his good done to me

 some of its virus mingled with my blood。  No  in this case I

would rather suffer evil the natural way。  A man is not a good man

to me because he will feed me if I should be starving; or warm me if

I should be freezing; or pull me out of a ditch if I should ever

fall into one。  I can find you a Newfoundland dog that will do as

much。  Philanthropy is not love for one's fellow…man in the broadest

sense。  Howard was no doubt an exceedingly kind and worthy man in

his way; and has his reward; but; comparatively speaking; what are a

hundred Howards to us; if their philanthropy do not help us in our

best estate; when we are most worthy to be helped?  I never heard of

a philanthropic meeting in which it was sincerely proposed to do any

good to me; or the like of me。

    The Jesuits were quite balked by those Indians who; being burned

at the stake; suggested new modes of torture to their tormentors。

Being superior to physical suffering; it sometimes chanced that they

were superior to any consolation which the missionaries could offer;

and the law to do as you would be done by fell with less

persuasiveness on the ears of those who; for their part; did not

care how they were done by; who loved their enemies after a new

fashion; and came very near freely forgiving them all they did。

    Be sure that you give the poor the aid they most need; though it

be your example which leaves them far behind。  If you give money;

spend yourself with it; and do not merely abandon it to them。  We

make curious mistakes sometimes。  Often the poor man is not so cold

and hungry as he 

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