the tao teh king(道德经)-第3章
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and discard our （scheming for） gain； there would be no thieves nor
robbers。
2。 Those three methods （of government） Thought olden ways in
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THE TAO TEH KING； OR THE TAO AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
elegance did fail And made these names their want of worth to veil；
But simple views； and courses plain and true Would selfish ends and
many lusts eschew。
20。 1。 When we renounce learning we have no troubles。 The
（ready） 'yes；' and （flattering） 'yea；' Small is the difference they
display。 But mark their issues； good and ill； What space the gulf
between shall fill？
What all men fear is indeed to be feared； but how wide and without
end is the range of questions （asking to be discussed）！
2。 The multitude of men look satisfied and pleased； as if enjoying a
full banquet； as if mounted on a tower in spring。 I alone seem listless and
still； my desires having as yet given no indication of their presence。 I am
like an infant which has not yet smiled。 I look dejected and forlorn； as if
I had no home to go to。 The multitude of men all have enough and to
spare。 I alone seem to have lost everything。 My mind is that of a stupid
man； I am in a state of chaos。
Ordinary men look bright and intelligent； while I alone seem to be
benighted。 They look full of discrimination； while I alone am dull and
confused。 I seem to be carried about as on the sea； drifting as if I had
nowhere to rest。 All men have their spheres of action； while I alone seem
dull and incapable； like a rude borderer。 （Thus） I alone am different from
other men； but I value the nursing…mother （the Tao）。
21。 The grandest forms of active force From Tao come； their
only source。 Who can of Tao the nature tell？ Our sight it flies；
our touch as well。 Eluding sight； eluding touch； The forms of
things all in it crouch； Eluding touch； eluding sight； There are
their semblances； all right。 Profound it is； dark and obscure；
Things' essences all there endure。 Those essences the truth enfold
Of what； when seen； shall then be told。 Now it is so； 'twas so of old。
Its namewhat passes not away； So； in their beautiful array；
Things form and never know decay。
How know I that it is so with all the beauties of existing things？ By
this （nature of the Tao）。
22。 1。 The partial becomes complete； the crooked； straight； the empty；
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full； the worn out； new。 He whose （desires） are few gets them； he whose
（desires） are many goes astray。
2。 Therefore the sage holds in his embrace the one thing （of humility）；
and manifests it to all the world。 He is free from self… display； and
therefore he shines； from self…assertion； and therefore he is distinguished；
from self…boasting； and therefore his merit is acknowledged； from self…
complacency； and therefore he acquires superiority。 It is because he is
thus free from striving that therefore no one in the world is able to strive
with him。
3。 That saying of the ancients that 'the partial becomes complete' was
not vainly spoken：all real completion is comprehended under it。
23。 1。 Abstaining from speech marks him who is obeying the
spontaneity of his nature。 A violent wind does not last for a whole
morning； a sudden rain does not last for the whole day。 To whom is it
that these （two） things are owing？ To Heaven and Earth。 If Heaven and
Earth cannot make such （spasmodic） actings last long； how much less can
man！
2。 Therefore when one is making the Tao his business； those who are
also pursuing it； agree with him in it； and those who are making the
manifestation of its course their object agree with him in that； while even
those who are failing in both these things agree with him where they fail。
3。 Hence； those with whom he agrees as to the Tao have the happiness
of attaining to it； those with whom he agrees as to its manifestation have
the happiness of attaining to it； and those with whom he agrees in their
failure have also the happiness of attaining （to the Tao）。 （But） when there
is not faith sufficient （on his part）； a want of faith （in him） ensues （on the
part of the others）。
24。 He who stands on his tiptoes does not stand firm； he who
stretches his legs does not walk （easily）。 （So）； he who displays himself
does not shine； he who asserts his own views is not distinguished； he who
vaunts himself does not find his merit acknowledged； he who is self…
conceited has no superiority allowed to him。 Such conditions； viewed
from the standpoint of the Tao； are like remnants of food； or a tumour on
the body； which all dislike。 Hence those who pursue （the course） of the
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Tao do not adopt and allow them。
25。 1。 There was something undefined and complete； coming into
existence before Heaven and Earth。 How still it was and formless；
standing alone； and undergoing no change； reaching everywhere and in no
danger （of being exhausted）！ It may be regarded as the Mother of all
things。
2。 I do not know its name； and I give it the designation of the Tao （the
Way or Course）。 Making an effort （further） to give it a name I call it The
Great。
3。 Great； it passes on （in constant flow）。 Passing on； it becomes
remote。 Having become remote； it returns。 Therefore the Tao is great；
Heaven is great； Earth is great； and the （sage） king is also great。 In the
universe there are four that are great； and the （sage） king is one of them。
4。 Man takes his law from the Earth； the Earth takes its law from
Heaven； Heaven takes its law from the Tao。 The law of the Tao is its
being what it is。
26。 1。 Gravity is the root of lightness； stillness； the ruler of
movement。
2。 Therefore a wise prince； marching the whole day； does not go far
from his baggage waggons。 Although he may have brilliant prospects to
look at； he quietly remains （in his proper place）； indifferent to them。
How should the lord of a myriad chariots carry himself lightly before the
kingdom？ If he do act lightly； he has lost his root （of gravity）； if he
proceed to active movement； he will lose his throne。
27。 1。 The skilful traveller leaves no traces of his wheels or footsteps；
the skilful speaker says nothing that can be found fault with or blamed； the
skilful reckoner uses no tallies； the skilful closer needs no bolts or bars；
while to open what he has shut will be impossible； the skilful binder uses
no strings or knots； while to unloose what he has bound will be impossible。
In the same way the sage is
