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第10章

round the moon-第10章

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learn from _them_。〃

〃What!〃 said Michel; 〃you believe that they have artists like
Phidias; Michael Angelo; or Raphael?〃

〃Yes。〃

〃Poets like Homer; Virgil; Milton; Lamartine; and Hugo?〃

〃I am sure of it。〃

〃Philosophers like Plato; Aristotle; Descartes; Kant?〃

〃I have no doubt of it。〃

〃Scientific men like Archimedes; Euclid; Pascal; Newton?〃

〃I could swear it。〃

〃Comic writers like Arnal; and photographers like like Nadar?〃

〃Certain。〃

〃Then; friend Barbicane; if they are as strong as we are; and
even stronger these Selenites why have they not tried to
communicate with the earth? why have they not launched a lunar
projectile to our terrestrial regions?〃

〃Who told you that they have never done so?〃 said Barbicane seriously。

〃Indeed;〃 added Nicholl; 〃it would be easier for them than for
us; for two reasons; first; because the attraction on the moon's
surface is six times less than on that of the earth; which would
allow a projectile to rise more easily; secondly; because it
would be enough to send such a projectile only at 8;000 leagues
instead of 80;000; which would require the force of projection
to be ten times less strong。〃

〃Then;〃 continued Michel; 〃I repeat it; why have they not done it?〃

〃And I repeat;〃 said Barbicane; 〃who told you that they have not
done it?〃

〃When?〃

〃Thousands of years before man appeared on earth。〃

〃And the projectile where is the projectile?  I demand to see
the projectile。〃

〃My friend;〃 replied Barbicane; 〃the sea covers five…sixths of
our globe。  From that we may draw five good reasons for
supposing that the lunar projectile; if ever launched; is now at
the bottom of the Atlantic or the Pacific; unless it sped into
some crevasse at that period when the crust of the earth was not
yet hardened。〃

〃Old Barbicane;〃 said Michel; 〃you have an answer for
everything; and I bow before your wisdom。  But there is one
hypothesis that would suit me better than all the others; which
is; the Selenites; being older than we; are wiser; and have not
invented gunpowder。〃

At this moment Diana joined in the conversation by a sonorous barking。
She was asking for her breakfast。

〃Ah!〃 said Michel Ardan; 〃in our discussion we have forgotten
Diana and Satellite。〃

Immediately a good…sized pie was given to the dog; which
devoured it hungrily。

〃Do you see; Barbicane;〃 said Michel; 〃we should have made a
second Noah's ark of this projectile; and borne with us to the
moon a couple of every kind of domestic animal。〃

〃I dare say; but room would have failed us。〃

〃Oh!〃 said Michel; 〃we might have squeezed a little。〃

〃The fact is;〃 replied Nicholl; 〃that cows; bulls; and horses;
and all ruminants; would have been very useful on the lunar
continent; but unfortunately the car could neither have been
made a stable nor a shed。〃

〃Well; we might have at least brought a donkey; only a little
donkey; that courageous beast which old Silenus loved to mount。
I love those old donkeys; they are the least favored animals in
creation; they are not only beaten while alive; but even after
they are dead。〃

〃How do you make that out?〃 asked Barbicane。  〃Why;〃 said
Michel; 〃they make their skins into drums。〃

Barbicane and Nicholl could not help laughing at this ridiculous remark。
But a cry from their merry companion stopped them。  The latter was
leaning over the spot where Satellite lay。  He rose; saying:

〃My good Satellite is no longer ill。〃

〃Ah!〃 said Nicholl。

〃No;〃 answered Michel; 〃he is dead!  There;〃 added he; in a
piteous tone; 〃that is embarrassing。  I much fear; my poor
Diana; that you will leave no progeny in the lunar regions!〃

Indeed the unfortunate Satellite had not survived its wound。
It was quite dead。  Michel Ardan looked at his friends with a
rueful countenance。

〃One question presents itself;〃 said Barbicane。  〃We cannot keep
the dead body of this dog with us for the next forty…eight hours。〃

〃No! certainly not;〃 replied Nicholl; 〃but our scuttles are
fixed on hinges; they can be let down。  We will open one; and
throw the body out into space。〃

The president thought for some moments; and then said:

〃Yes; we must do so; but at the same time taking very great precautions。〃

〃Why?〃 asked Michel。

〃For two reasons which you will understand;〃 answered Barbicane。
〃The first relates to the air shut up in the projectile; and of
which we must lose as little as possible。〃

〃But we manufacture the air?〃

〃Only in part。  We make only the oxygen; my worthy Michel; and
with regard to that; we must watch that the apparatus does not
furnish the oxygen in too great a quantity; for an excess would
bring us very serious physiological troubles。  But if we make
the oxygen; we do not make the azote; that medium which the
lungs do not absorb; and which ought to remain intact; and that
azote will escape rapidly through the open scuttles。〃

〃Oh! the time for throwing out poor Satellite?〃 said Michel。

〃Agreed; but we must act quickly。〃

〃And the second reason?〃 asked Michel。

〃The second reason is that we must not let the outer cold; which
is excessive; penetrate the projectile or we shall be frozen to death。〃

〃But the sun?〃

〃The sun warms our projectile; which absorbs its rays; but it
does not warm the vacuum in which we are floating at this moment。
Where there is no air; there is no more heat than diffused light;
and the same with darkness; it is cold where the sun's rays do not
strike direct。  This temperature is only the temperature produced
by the radiation of the stars; that is to say; what the
terrestrial globe would undergo if the sun disappeared one day。〃

〃Which is not to be feared;〃 replied Nicholl。

〃Who knows?〃 said Michel Ardan。  〃But; in admitting that the sun
does not go out; might it not happen that the earth might move
away from it?〃

〃There!〃 said Barbicane; 〃there is Michel with his ideas。〃

〃And;〃 continued Michel; 〃do we not know that in 1861 the earth
passed through the tail of a comet?  Or let us suppose a comet
whose power of attraction is greater than that of the sun。
The terrestrial orbit will bend toward the wandering star; and
the earth; becoming its satellite; will be drawn such a distance
that the rays of the sun will have no action on its surface。〃

〃That _might_ happen; indeed;〃 replied Barbicane; 〃but the
consequences of such a displacement need not be so formidable as
you suppose。〃

〃And why not?〃

〃Because the heat and cold would be equalized on our globe。
It has been calculated that; had our earth been carried along in
its course by the comet of 1861; at its perihelion; that is; its
nearest approach to the sun; it would have undergone a heat
28;000 times greater than that of summer。  But this heat; which
is sufficient to evaporate the waters; would have formed a thick
ring of cloud; which would have modified that excessive
temperature; hence the compensation between the cold of the
aphelion and the heat of the perihelion。〃

〃At how many degrees;〃 asked Nicholl; 〃is the temperature of the
planetary spaces estimated?〃

〃Formerly;〃 replied Barbicane; 〃it was greatly exagerated; but
now; after the calculations of Fourier; of the French Academy of
Science; it is not supposed to exceed 60@ Centigrade below zero。〃

〃Pooh!〃 said Michel; 〃that's nothing!〃

〃It is very much;〃 replied Barbicane; 〃the temperature which was
observed in the polar regions; at Melville Island and Fort
Reliance; that is 76@ Fahrenheit below zero。〃

〃If I mistake not;〃 said Nicholl; 〃M。 Pouillet; another savant;
estimates the temperature of space at 250@ Fahrenheit below zero。
We shall; however; be able to verify these calculations for ourselves。〃

〃Not at present; because the solar rays; beating directly
upon our thermometer; would give; on the contrary; a very high
temperature。  But; when we arrive in the moon; during its
fifteen days of night at either face; we shall have leisure to
make the experiment; for our satellite lies in a vacuum。〃

〃What do you mean by a vacuum?〃 asked Michel。  〃Is it perfectly such?〃

〃It is absolutely void of air。〃

〃And is the air replaced by nothing whatever?〃

〃By the ether only;〃 replied Ba

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