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第14章

free trade-第14章

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Assurances are grounded on the Civill Law。 By which meanes His

Majesties other Courts of Justice are eased of the multiplicitie

of Questions that might arise by suits of Law of this kinde。

    And thus having been bold to make this short relation of my

poore observation herein; I most humbly submit this Remedy to the

High wisedome of His Majestie; to dispose thereof in such Manner

and Measure; as the Nature and Number of the suits of Law; at

this day in this Kingdome doe require。 In the restraint whereof

His Majestie shall have great Honour: His Kingdome Peace: the

Judges Ease: the Subjects quietnesse; and the Common…wealth

increase of Trade。

    The Trades considered apart; I reduced to such; as tend to

the Fortification of the Kingdome; or Maintenance of Trade。 The

former I noted to be Ordinance or Munition。 In which case the

Philosopher giveth good Counsell; {Greek phrase omitted}。 Sic

amandum tanquam sis osurus; sic oportet edisse tanquqam sis

amaturus。

    The latter I reduced to Fishing and Clothing; as the

Nurseries of Trade。 For the Fishing; the infinite treasure that

Strangers search out of our Seas; the variety of Trade that

thereby they purchase; the multitude of Mariners they breed; the

Fleets of Shipping they maintaine; me thinkes should every of

them apart; or all of them together; be unto us as so many

provocations to rouze us up to the exercise thereof: Whereby His

Majestie might receive such a Tolle or Custome of them; as other

Princes doe in like case; and be once again Lord and Master of

the Seas; for all the dispute of the Author of Mare liberum: and

the Native subject encouraged by some Immunity or Priviledge; to

lay hold on that benefit; which God and Nature hath brought home

to our doores。

    For the Clothing; that also is a point of State and great

consequence。 The Causes of the decay whereof; I observed to bee

either Domestique or Forreine。 The Domestique some past; some

present。 In which former; it may perhaps seeme strange to speake

of a Remedy for a thing past。 Wherein the best Remedy I can

thinke of; is; to be warned by those harmes; not to disturbe or

distract Trade upon any suggestion; though never so specious。 It

is a safe rule; that in Rebus nouis constituendis euidens esse

debet utilitas。 And in Projects; though they promise much; yet

the utility is commonly Contingent; which may be; or may not be。

But in the mutation of the naturall course of Trade; there ought

to be Perspicuity and apparency of evident utility: Else a Breach

may be sooner made in Trade then can be repaired: and the Current

once diverted; will hardly bee revolved; into it genuine Source

and Course againe。

    The present Domestique Causes of the Decay of Clothing; I

considered in the Trade under the Clothier; or under the

Merchant。 Under the Clothier; I noted the Ill making and False

sealing of Cloth: and both through the Non…execution of the

Statute of 4 of the King。 the abuse wherof is growne to be very

great; and the reformation hath beene by His Majesties

Proclamations and otherwise; so much and so oft attempted of late

years; and nothing therein effected; that it seemeth a very

difficult matter to reforme the same。 Neverthlesse if it may

please His Majestie; to commit the care of the execution of the

Statute; to some of the Principall Cities and Townes in the

Clothing Counties; where Broad Clothes; Kersies; and Perpetuanoes

are made; and to make them the Overseers mentioned in the

Statute; instead of those ignorant and negligent Searchers; with

reasonable allowance for their paines; I am confident it would

prove a singular Remedy。 For we have not only the example of the

Low Countries; where this course is taken; but also here with us:

as Worcester for that sort of Clothes; Colchester for Bayes; and

Canterbury for Sayes。 In all which places the former abuses are

removed by this means; and the Clothes; and Bayes; and

Manufactures of those Cities; triumph in great credit and

estimation。 Which execution of the saide Statute; is the rather

to be committed to the care and charge of the principall Cities

and Townes in the Clothing Counties; because by ancient Statutes

not repealed; all Clothes and Kersies ought to bee brought to the

next City; Borough; or Towne Corporate; to be sealed; before they

be put to sale。 And if such Clothes so sealed; prove defective;

that Corporation or Towneship that so hath sealed them; shall

forfeit the whole value thereof。

    The reformation of which abuse will redound to the benefit of

the Clothier; as well as the Merchant。 For none is more hurt with

false Cloth; then that Clothier which maketh true Cloth: because

his markets are alwayes hurt by the cheapnesse that false Cloth

may be afforded at。 Therefore to facilitate this Remedy; I have

made a collection of all the principall Cities and Townes in the

Clothing Counties for this purpose; as by a list thereof; fixed

to the end of this discourse may appeare; that so a worke of this

nature be no longer deferred; wherein the Honour of the King; and

the Benefit of the Publique are so much involved。

    Under the Merchant I observed the Cloth…Trade to suffer at

Home and Abroad: At Home; either by exporting the Materials of

Clothing; or by Ore…lading the Cloth…Trade with charge。 The

Remedy in the former; were to lay a restraint of exportation of

Wools and Wool…fels out of Ireland; and to quicken the execution

of the Statute for that purpose in England; by encouraging the

discoverers of such abuses。

    The latter is the Sur…charging of the Cloth Trade; either

generally or specially: this last; in the Impositions and Impress

monies imposed by the Merchant Adventurers: which as it is a

charge laid upon the Drapery of the Kingdome; I conceive; under

favour; is a matter that trencheth into the Suprmeme power and

dignity of the King; and is peculiar to Him alone。 And if for

Government; or other just causes in Societies and Corporation;

there be a necessity of paying of debts; or defraying of

necessary charge; I should thinke it better policy to spare the

Cloth; and other the Native Commodities of the Kingdom; and to

implore His Majesties favour; to levy such charge upon the

Forreine Commodities: according to the Counsell of Stephanus; Si

Vectigal nouum euitari non potest; tune onerentur inerces

perigrinae; auae ad luxum magis quam ad necessitatem faciunt。 And

this I conceive would be a good remedy for easing the Cloth Trade

of the present charge under the Merchants: which would also bee a

meanes for paying of their debts; with a little more length of

time; and a great deale of encouragement; both to Clothiers and

Merchants in the Cloth Trade。

    And Abroad; if it appeare upon examination; that the

Residence of the Merchant Adventurers at Delft in Holland be

inconvenient for the Trade: As His Majestie was graciously

pleased to five them that liberty for a tryall; so it may please

His Majestie to dispose thereof; in some more fit place for

their's and the Publique good。

    The Forreince Causes of the Decay of the Drapery; I noted to

bee Generall; as the Warres; or Speciall; as the great Imposition

in Holland。 The one is the worke of God; the other of the King;

to remove the same。 To whom I recommend them both。

    And thus farre for the Remedies in the Matter of Trade;

considered in Money and Merchandize: the Forme followeth in

Governed and Ungoverned Trade。 In the Former I observed a too

strict; and in the latter a too loose forme of Trade。 The Remedy

in the One; if it seeme good to the high wisedome of His

Majestie; may be Privative; in racing and rooting out the name

and use of Monopolies from amongst this Nation; as His Majestie

hath royally begun in that His Gracious Proclamation before

mentioned。 And to free and open the course of Trade; where now it

is unequally stopt; to the encouragement of the subjects; and the

benefit of the Publique。

    In the other Positive; by disposing the Trades of His

Majesties subjects that are now distracted; into Order and

Government。 Whereof none hath more need; a

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