free trade-第13章

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put　this　remedy　in　practise；　that　we　seem　no　longer　blind　men；　to

those　Indian　people。　But　herein　on　both　parts；　are　we　humbly　to

impore　His　Majesties　Regall　Intercession；　that　these　differences；

betwixt　the　Dutch　and　Us；　may　no　longer　Hang　in　Suspence；　but　at

last　be　drawne　to　that　happy　and　hopefull　Period　wee　have　so　long

looked　&　longed　for。　That　so　the　Majesty　of　the　King；　arising

like　the　Glory　of　the　Sun…rising　upon　this　our　Horizon；　may

dispell　and　disperse　all　the　tempestuous　Mists　and　Fogges；　that

have　obscured　the　same；　and　lend　such　a　glorious　Light　and　Life

unto　this　Orbe　of　ours；　that　They　&　We；　like　lovers　and　friends

fallen　at　oddes；　may　be　redintegrated；　renewed；　and　reunited；　in

unfaigned　Amitie　and　Unity；　tha　the　name　of　Hostilitie　betwixt

Them　and　Us；　be　never　hereafter　told　in　Gath；　nor　publish't　in

the　Streets　of　Ashcalon：　And　that　the　Publike　complaints　as　well

of　their　Owne　people；　as　Ours；　may　no　longer　come　under　the　view

and　censure　of　the　world。

　　　　Another　Remedy　of　this　kinde；　may　bee　His　Majesties　gratious

protection　of　the　Persian　Trade　now　so　happily　set　on　foote：　that

so　neither　the　Envy　of　any；　at　Home；　nor　the　Power　or　Policy　of

any　abroad；　supplant　us　in　the　same。　Whereby　the　Cloth　and　Tinne；

and　other　the　Native　Commodities　of　this　Kingdome；　may　be　brought

into　Use　and　Commerce　amongst　the　Persians　also。　Which　through

Gods　blessing；　and　his　Majesties　Royall　Assistance；　may　be　a

means　to　draw　the　whole　Trade　of　the　Persian　silke　into　this

Kingdom；　and　make　it　the　Magazin　thereof；　for　the　supply　of　other

Nations：　to　the　weakning　of　the　Turkes　power；　the　increase　of

Trade　in　this　Common…wealth；　and　with　it　His　Majesties　Customes；

the　Navigation；　and　employment　of　the　poore：　to　the　Great　Honour

of　the　King；　and　enriching　of　all　His　Kingdomes。

　　　　And　so　much　for　the　Remedies　about　the　matter　of　Trade　in

Money；　the　Merchandize　followeth。　Which　I　considered　Jointly　or

Apart。　The　things　that　hindred　the　whole　Trade；　I　noted　to　be

Deficient；　as　the　want　of　Money；　or　the　East　India　Stocke；　which

have　their　Remedy　before：　or　Efficient；　as　Usury　and　Litigious

Suits　of　law；　to　the　Remedies　whereof　we　now　proceede。　The　Remedy

for　Usury；　may　be　plenty　of　Money。　For　then；　men　will　have　no

such　cause　to　take　Money　at　interest；　as　when　Money　is　scant。　For

as　it　is　the　scarcitie　of　Money　that　maketh　the　high　rates　of

interest：　so　the　plentie　of　Money　will　make　the　rates　Low；　better

then　any　Statute　for　that　purpose。　For　although　in　the

Netherlands；　it　is　lawfull　for　a　man　to　take　twenty　in　the

hundred　if　he　can　get　it　（wherein　it　seemes　the　Author　of　the

Tract　against　Usuary　was　misinformed）　yet　there；　commonly　money

is　let　at　6　and　7　in　the　hundred；　by　reason　of　the　plenty　of

Money。

　　　　Or　there　is　another　Remedy　for　Usury；　in　giving　liberty　to

the　subjects　if　so　it　may　seeme　good　to　His　Majesties　High

Wisedome）　to　buy　and　sell；　and　to　transport　Billes　of　debt　from

man　to　man：　according　to　the　Custome　of　Germany　and　the　Low

Countries。　Which　is　found　to　be　an　excellent　meanes　to　supply

mens　wants　in　course　of　trade；　and　tendeth　also　to　the　enlarging

thereof。　And　for　the　Extorsion　upon　the　poore　above　noted：　if　a

stocke　of　Money　were　raised　in　manner　of　a　Lumbard；　or　otherwise

in　London；　and　in　the　Countries　whre　much　poore　depend　on

Clothing；　and　else…where　where　there　is　cause；　whereby　the

multitudes　of　poore　wherewith　the　Kingdom　swarmeth；　might　be　from

time　to　time　supplied　for　a　small　consideration；　it　would

certainly　give　great　encouragement　to　the　poore　to　labour；　it

would　set　on　worke　many　fatherless　children　that　are　ready　to

sterve；　it　would　benefit　the　Common…wealth　by　their　labours；　and

it　would　be　an　acceptable　worke　to　Almighty　God；　so　to　supply

their　wants；　and　not　to　suffer　the　faces　of　the　poore　to　be

ground　by　the　extorsion　of　any。　And　I　am　perswaded；　that　every

good　man　would　be　willing；　either　to　give；　or　to　lend；　toward　the

raising　of　a　stocke　of　Money　for　this　purpose。

　　　　For　Litigious　suits　of　Law；　if　men　bestowed　halfe　that　study

and　cost　in　trade；　which　now　adies　is　spent　in　temerous　and　rash

suits　of　Law；　surely　the　benefite　that　thence　would　arise　to　the

Common…wealth；　would　equall　or　exceede　in　value；　that　which　is

spent　in　Law；　which　I　thinke　cannot　be　valued。　The　Remedy

requireth　great　consideration　for　such　is　the　Cause。

　　　　That　the　suites　of　Law　in　this　Kingdome　are　now　infinitely

increast；　to　that　they　were　in　elder　times；　I　thinke　it　is　out　of

question：　the　Quaere　is　about　the　cause　thereof。　Litigious　suits

of　Law；　may　seeme　anciently　to　have　beene　restrained；　either　by

Sureties；　or　Fines；　or　both。　Of　the　Former　there　is　yet　a　defaced

print　in　the　Common…Pledges　of　Doe　and　Roe。　Which　were　of　old　the

names　of　true　and　reall　sureties；　but　are　now　become　formall

only；　and　saigned　names　of　Course　and　Solemnity。　Whence　also　it

is；　that　in　staed　of　Reall　sureties　in　London；　saigned　sureties

are　devised　fromt　he　dwelling　of　the　party　Plaintife：　As　for

example：　if　the　plaintife　dwell　in　Cheape…side：　they　enter　for

his　Sureties　upon　the　Record　of　Court；　John　Cheape；　and　Richard

Side。　And　in　like　manner　whresoever　else　the　Plaintife　dwelleth。

　　　　Of　the　Latter；　to　wit　of　Fines；　the　use　of　them　both　in　the

Kings　Bench　&　Common…Pleas；　continueth　unto　this　day。　In　the

Kings　Bench　the　Fines　are　not　so　ancient　for　those　began　in　the　8

yeare　of　His　Majesties　Happy　raigne　over　this　Kingdome：　neither

are　they　of　like　value　to　those　of　the　Common…Pleas。　Whereof　His

Majesties　made　then　a　Graunt　to　certaine　Patentees　for　terme　of

yeares。　But　in　the　Common…Pleas；　the　Fines　upon　Originall　Writs；

are　held　by　the　learned　in　the　Law；　to　bee　as　ancient　as　the

Common…Law　it　selfe。

　　　　Now　whether　the　use　of　Sureties；　or　the　Institution　of　Fines；

were　invented　for　the　restraint　of　Ligitious　suits　of　Law：　or　the

Disuse　and　inequality　of　them；　tendeth　to　the　encrease　thereof；　I

humbly　leave　that；　to　the　wisedome　and　judgement　of　the　Reverend

Judges；　and　others　learned　in　the　Law：　least　I　seeme　｛Greek

phrase　omitted｝。　Neverthelesse　there　seems　to　me；　to　be　a　print

of　them；　in　the　Lawes　and　Customes　of　Forreine　Nations。　For

which；　if　you　please；　let　us　heare　Maimon　a　great　Rabbi。　Hebraei；

litigiosum　hominum　genus；　saith　he；　duplum　rependere　coegerunt；

qui　debitum　scienter　denegaret。

　　　　Also　Festus　Pomeius；　cited　by　Bodin。　Romani；　decimam　partem

eius　rei；　quae　in　controversiam　veniret　in　privatis；　aut

trouersiam　veniret　in　privatis；　aut　quintam　in　publicis　iudiciis；

imperiabant；　Ac　licet　Romanie　in　Republica　libera；　Vectigalia　&

tributa　imperare　fibi　difficilime　paterentur；　Vectigalia　tamen

Iudiciaria　patienter　tulerunt。

　　　　Also　Hootoman。　Romani　Sacramentum　constituerunt；　certam　viz。

pecuniae　summanm；　ut　qui　indicio　vicisset；　suum　sacramentum

auferret；　victi　aute　ad　aerarium　rediret。

　　　　And　lastly　Bodin。　Carolus　IX。　Vectigal　Iudiciarium　ad

cohibendam　litigatorum　hominum　indomitam　atque　effrenatam

licentiam　imperauit。　Quo　vix　ullum　afflictis　aerarii　opibus

utilius；　&　Galliae　Imperio　litium　innumerabili　multitudine

appresso；　splendidius　cogitari　poterat。

　　　　There　is　also　in　France　an　excellent　restraine　of　Law　suits；

by　a　Law　Merchant；　establihsed　in　Roan；　Lions；　and　Tholosa：

whereby　the　other　higher　Courts　of　Justice　are　eased　of　those

Knotty　questions　that　often　fall　out　in　matters　of　Commerce；

which　are　harder　to　bee　determined　by　the　learned　in　the　Law；　and

not　so　hard　for　Merchants　and　men　of　Trade。

　　　　Like　to　which；　is　that　of　the　Court　of　Conscience；　and　the

office　for　Pollicies　of　Assurance　in　London。　The　one　granted　by

an　Act　of　Parliament；　in　the　3　yeare　of　His　Majesties　happy

Raigne；　the　other　by　the　Stature　of　43　Eliz。　And　both　are

executed　by　Merchants　and　men　of　Trade：　though　in　the　latter　the

Statute　joineth　certaine　Civill　and　Common　Lawyers　with　them　in

Commission；　to　assist　them　when　there　is　cause：　because　such

Assurances　are　grounded　on　the　Civill　Law。　By　which　meanes　His

Majesties　other　Courts　of　Justice　are　eased　of　the　multipliciti