09-the ponds-第4章
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pleasing mystery to the bottom。
The shore is irregular enough not to be monotonous。 I have in
my mind's eye the western; indented with deep bays; the bolder
northern; and the beautifully scalloped southern shore; where
successive capes overlap each other and suggest unexplored coves
between。 The forest has never so good a setting; nor is so
distinctly beautiful; as when seen from the middle of a small lake
amid hills which rise from the water's edge; for the water in which
it is reflected not only makes the best foreground in such a case;
but; with its winding shore; the most natural and agreeable boundary
to it。 There is no rawness nor imperfection in its edge there; as
where the axe has cleared a part; or a cultivated field abuts on it。
The trees have ample room to expand on the water side; and each
sends forth its most vigorous branch in that direction。 There
Nature has woven a natural selvage; and the eye rises by just
gradations from the low shrubs of the shore to the highest trees。
There are few traces of man's hand to be seen。 The water laves the
shore as it did a thousand years ago。
A lake is the landscape's most beautiful and expressive feature。
It is earth's eye; looking into which the beholder measures the
depth of his own nature。 The fluviatile trees next the shore are
the slender eyelashes which fringe it; and the wooded hills and
cliffs around are its overhanging brows。
Standing on the smooth sandy beach at the east end of the pond;
in a calm September afternoon; when a slight haze makes the opposite
shore…line indistinct; I have seen whence came the expression; 〃the
glassy surface of a lake。〃 When you invert your head; it looks like
a thread of finest gossamer stretched across the valley; and
gleaming against the distant pine woods; separating one stratum of
the atmosphere from another。 You would think that you could walk
dry under it to the opposite hills; and that the swallows which skim
over might perch on it。 Indeed; they sometimes dive below this
line; as it were by mistake; and are undeceived。 As you look over
the pond westward you are obliged to employ both your hands to
defend your eyes against the reflected as well as the true sun; for
they are equally bright; and if; between the two; you survey its
surface critically; it is literally as smooth as glass; except where
the skater insects; at equal intervals scattered over its whole
extent; by their motions in the sun produce the finest imaginable
sparkle on it; or; perchance; a duck plumes itself; or; as I have
said; a swallow skims so low as to touch it。 It may be that in the
distance a fish describes an arc of three or four feet in the air;
and there is one bright flash where it emerges; and another where it
strikes the water; sometimes the whole silvery arc is revealed; or
here and there; perhaps; is a thistle…down floating on its surface;
which the fishes dart at and so dimple it again。 It is like molten
glass cooled but not congealed; and the few motes in it are pure and
beautiful like the imperfections in glass。 You may often detect a
yet smoother and darker water; separated from the rest as if by an
invisible cobweb; boom of the water nymphs; resting on it。 From a
hilltop you can see a fish leap in almost any part; for not a
pickerel or shiner picks an insect from this smooth surface but it
manifestly disturbs the equilibrium of the whole lake。 It is
wonderful with what elaborateness this simple fact is advertised
this piscine murder will out and from my distant perch I
distinguish the circling undulations when they are half a dozen rods
in diameter。 You can even detect a water…bug (Gyrinus) ceaselessly
progressing over the smooth surface a quarter of a mile off; for
they furrow the water slightly; making a conspicuous ripple bounded
by two diverging lines; but the skaters glide over it without
rippling it perceptibly。 When the surface is considerably agitated
there are no skaters nor water…bugs on it; but apparently; in calm
days; they leave their havens and adventurously glide forth from the
shore by short impulses till they completely cover it。 It is a
soothing employment; on one of those fine days in the fall when all
the warmth of the sun is fully appreciated; to sit on a stump on
such a height as this; overlooking the pond; and study the dimpling
circles which are incessantly inscribed on its otherwise invisible
surface amid the reflected skies and trees。 Over this great expanse
there is no disturbance but it is thus at once gently smoothed away
and assuaged; as; when a vase of water is jarred; the trembling
circles seek the shore and all is smooth again。 Not a fish can leap
or an insect fall on the pond but it is thus reported in circling
dimples; in lines of beauty; as it were the constant welling up of
its fountain; the gentle pulsing of its life; the heaving of its
breast。 The thrills of joy and thrills of pain are
undistinguishable。 How peaceful the phenomena of the lake! Again
the works of man shine as in the spring。 Ay; every leaf and twig
and stone and cobweb sparkles now at mid…afternoon as when covered
with dew in a spring morning。 Every motion of an oar or an insect
produces a flash of light; and if an oar falls; how sweet the echo!
In such a day; in September or October; Walden is a perfect
forest mirror; set round with stones as precious to my eye as if
fewer or rarer。 Nothing so fair; so pure; and at the same time so
large; as a lake; perchance; lies on the surface of the earth。 Sky
water。 It needs no fence。 Nations come and go without defiling it。
It is a mirror which no stone can crack; whose quicksilver will
never wear off; whose gilding Nature continually repairs; no storms;
no dust; can dim its surface ever fresh; a mirror in which all
impurity presented to it sinks; swept and dusted by the sun's hazy
brush this the light dust…cloth which retains no breath that
is breathed on it; but sends its own to float as clouds high above
its surface; and be reflected in its bosom still。
A field of water betrays the spirit that is in the air。 It is
continually receiving new life and motion from above。 It is
intermediate in its nature between land and sky。 On land only the
grass and trees wave; but the water itself is rippled by the wind。
I see where the breeze dashes across it by the streaks or flakes of
light。 It is remarkable that we can look down on its surface。 We
shall; perhaps; look down thus on the surface of air at length; and
mark where a still subtler spirit sweeps over it。
The skaters and water…bugs finally disappear in the latter part
of October; when the severe frosts have come; and then and in
November; usually; in a calm day; there is absolutely nothing to
ripple the surface。 One November afternoon; in the calm at the end
of a rain…storm of several days' duration; when the sky was still
completely overcast and the air was full of mist; I observed that
the pond was remarkably smooth; so that it was difficult to
distinguish its surface; though it no longer reflected the bright
tints of October; but the sombre November colors of the surrounding
hills。 Though I passed over it as gently as possible; the slight
undulations produced by my boat extended almost as far as I could
see; and gave a ribbed appearance to the reflections。 But; as I was
looking over the surface; I saw here and there at a distance a faint
glimmer; as if some skater insects which had escaped the frosts
might be collected there; or; perchance; the surface; being so
smooth; betrayed where a spring welled up from the bottom。 Paddling
gently to one of these places; I was surprised to find myself
surrounded by myriads of small perch; about five inches long; of a
rich bronze color in the green water; sporting there; and constantly
rising to the surface and dimpling it; sometimes leaving bubbles on
it。 In such transparent and seemingly bottomless