the georgics-第7章
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Is crumbling are the best: winds look to that;
And bitter hoar…frosts; and the delver's toil
Untiring; as he stirs the loosened glebe。
But those; whose vigilance no care escapes;
Search for a kindred site; where first to rear
A nursery for the trees; and eke whereto
Soon to translate them; lest the sudden shock
From their new mother the young plants estrange。
Nay; even the quarter of the sky they brand
Upon the bark; that each may be restored;
As erst it stood; here bore the southern heats;
Here turned its shoulder to the northern pole;
So strong is custom formed in early years。
Whether on hill or plain 'tis best to plant
Your vineyard first inquire。 If on some plain
You measure out rich acres; then plant thick;
Thick planting makes no niggard of the vine;
But if on rising mound or sloping bill;
Then let the rows have room; so none the less
Each line you draw; when all the trees are set;
May tally to perfection。 Even as oft
In mighty war; whenas the legion's length
Deploys its cohorts; and the column stands
In open plain; the ranks of battle set;
And far and near with rippling sheen of arms
The wide earth flickers; nor yet in grisly strife
Foe grapples foe; but dubious 'twixt the hosts
The war…god wavers; so let all be ranged
In equal rows symmetric; not alone
To feed an idle fancy with the view;
But since not otherwise will earth afford
Vigour to all alike; nor yet the boughs
Have power to stretch them into open space。
Shouldst haply of the furrow's depth inquire;
Even to a shallow trench I dare commit
The vine; but deeper in the ground is fixed
The tree that props it; aesculus in chief;
Which howso far its summit soars toward heaven;
So deep strikes root into the vaults of hell。
It therefore neither storms; nor blasts; nor showers
Wrench from its bed; unshaken it abides;
Sees many a generation; many an age
Of men roll onward; and survives them all;
Stretching its titan arms and branches far;
Sole central pillar of a world of shade。
Nor toward the sunset let thy vineyards slope;
Nor midst the vines plant hazel; neither take
The topmost shoots for cuttings; nor from the top
Of the supporting tree your suckers tear;
So deep their love of earth; nor wound the plants
With blunted blade; nor truncheons intersperse
Of the wild olive: for oft from careless swains
A spark hath fallen; that; 'neath the unctuous rind
Hid thief…like first; now grips the tough tree…bole;
And mounting to the leaves on high; sends forth
A roar to heaven; then coursing through the boughs
And airy summits reigns victoriously;
Wraps all the grove in robes of fire; and gross
With pitch…black vapour heaves the murky reek
Skyward; but chiefly if a storm has swooped
Down on the forest; and a driving wind
Rolls up the conflagration。 When 'tis so;
Their root…force fails them; nor; when lopped away;
Can they recover; and from the earth beneath
Spring to like verdure; thus alone survives
The bare wild olive with its bitter leaves。
Let none persuade thee; howso weighty…wise;
To stir the soil when stiff with Boreas' breath。
Then ice…bound winter locks the fields; nor lets
The young plant fix its frozen root to earth。
Best sow your vineyards when in blushing Spring
Comes the white bird long…bodied snakes abhor;
Or on the eve of autumn's earliest frost;
Ere the swift sun…steeds touch the wintry Signs;
While summer is departing。 Spring it is
Blesses the fruit…plantation; Spring the groves;
In Spring earth swells and claims the fruitful seed。
Then Aether; sire omnipotent; leaps down
With quickening showers to his glad wife's embrace;
And; might with might commingling; rears to life
All germs that teem within her; then resound
With songs of birds the greenwood…wildernesses;
And in due time the herds their loves renew;
Then the boon earth yields increase; and the fields
Unlock their bosoms to the warm west winds;
Soft moisture spreads o'er all things; and the blades
Face the new suns; and safely trust them now;
The vine…shoot; fearless of the rising south;
Or mighty north winds driving rain from heaven;
Bursts into bud; and every leaf unfolds。
Even so; methinks; when Earth to being sprang;
Dawned the first days; and such the course they held;
'Twas Spring…tide then; ay; Spring; the mighty world
Was keeping: Eurus spared his wintry blasts;
When first the flocks drank sunlight; and a race
Of men like iron from the hard glebe arose;
And wild beasts thronged the woods; and stars the heaven。
Nor could frail creatures bear this heavy strain;
Did not so large a respite interpose
'Twixt frost and heat; and heaven's relenting arms
Yield earth a welcome。
For the rest; whate'er
The sets thou plantest in thy fields; thereon
Strew refuse rich; and with abundant earth
Take heed to hide them; and dig in withal
Rough shells or porous stone; for therebetween
Will water trickle and fine vapour creep;
And so the plants their drooping spirits raise。
Aye; and there have been; who with weight of stone
Or heavy potsherd press them from above;
This serves for shield in pelting showers; and this
When the hot dog…star chaps the fields with drought。
The slips once planted; yet remains to cleave
The earth about their roots persistently;
And toss the cumbrous hoes; or task the soil
With burrowing plough…share; and ply up and down
Your labouring bullocks through the vineyard's midst;
Then too smooth reeds and shafts of whittled wand;
And ashen poles and sturdy forks to shape;
Whereby supported they may learn to mount;
Laugh at the gales; and through the elm…tops win
From story up to story。
Now while yet
The leaves are in their first fresh infant growth;
Forbear their frailty; and while yet the bough
Shoots joyfully toward heaven; with loosened rein
Launched on the void; assail it not as yet
With keen…edged sickle; but let the leaves alone
Be culled with clip of fingers here and there。
But when they clasp the elms with sturdy trunks
Erect; then strip the leaves off; prune the boughs;
Sooner they shrink from steel; but then put forth
The arm of power; and stem the branchy tide。
Hedges too must be woven and all beasts
Barred entrance; chiefly while the leaf is young
And witless of disaster; for therewith;
Beside harsh winters and o'erpowering sun;
Wild buffaloes and pestering goats for ay
Besport them; sheep and heifers glut their greed。
Nor cold by hoar…frost curdled; nor the prone
Dead weight of summer upon the parched crags;
So scathe it; as the flocks with venom…bite
Of their hard tooth; whose gnawing scars the stem。
For no offence but this to Bacchus bleeds
The goat at every altar; and old plays
Upon the stage find entrance; therefore too
The sons of Theseus through the country…side…
Hamlet and crossway… set the prize of wit;
And on the smooth sward over oiled skins
Dance in their tipsy frolic。 Furthermore
The Ausonian swains; a race from Troy derived;
Make merry with rough rhymes and boisterous mirth;
Grim masks of hollowed bark assume; invoke
Thee with glad hymns; O Bacchus; and to thee
Hang puppet…faces on tall pines to swing。
Hence every vineyard teems with mellowing fruit;
Till hollow vale o'erflows; and gorge profound;
Where'er the god hath turned his comely head。
Therefore to Bacchus duly will we sing
Meet honour with ancestral hymns; and cates
And dishes bear him; and the doomed goat
Led by the horn shall at the altar stand;
Whose entrails rich on hazel…spits we'll roast。
This further task again; to dress the vine;
Hath needs beyond exha