a book of scoundrels(流浪之书)-第4章
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the byways of the City; and the advertisement columns of the smugly
Christian Press。 He steals without risking his skin or losing his
respectability。 The suburb; wherein he brings up a blameless; flat…footed
family; regards him as its most renowned benefactor。 He is generally a
pillar (or a buttress) of the Church; and oftentimes a mayor; with his ill…
gotten wealth he promotes charities; and endows schools; his portrait is
painted by a second…rate Academician; and hangs; until disaster overtakes
him; in the town…hall of his adopted borough。
How much worse is he than the High…toby…cracks of old! They were
as brave as lions; he is a very louse for timidity。 His conduct is meaner
than the conduct of the most ruffianly burglar that ever worked a centre…bit。
Of art he has not the remotest inkling: though his greed is bounded by the
Bank of England; he understands not the elegancies of life; he cares not
how he plumps his purse; so long as it be full; and if he were capable of
conceiving a grand effect; he would willingly surrender it for a pocketed
half…crown。 This side the Channel; in brief; romance and the picturesque
are dead; and in France; the last refuge of crime; there are already signs of
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decay。 The AbbRosslot was his nameshone forth a pure
creator: he owed his prowess to the example of none。 But in Paris crime
is too often passionel; and a crime passionel is a crime with a purpose;
which; like the novel with a purpose; is conceived by a dullard; and carried
out for the gratification of the middle…class。
To whitewash the scoundrel is to put upon him the heaviest dishonour:
a dishonour comparable only to the monstrously illogical treatment of the
condemned。 When once a hero has forfeited his right to comfort and
freedom; when he is deemed no longer fit to live upon earth; the Prison
Chaplain; encouraging him to a final act of hypocrisy; gives him a free
pass (so to say) into another and more exclusive world。 So; too; the
moralist would test the thief by his own narrow standard; forgetting that
all professions are not restrained by the same code。 The road has its
ordinances as well as the lecture…room; and if the thief is commonly a bad
moralist; it is certain that no moralist was ever a great thief。 Why then
detract from a man's legitimate glory? Is it not wiser to respect ‘that
deep intuition of oneness;' which Coleridge says is ‘at the bottom of our
faults as well as our virtues?' To recognise that a fault in an honest man
is a virtue in a scoundrel? After all; he is eminent who; in obedience to
his talent; does prodigies of valour unrivalled by his fellows。 And none
has so many opportunities of various eminence as the scoundrel。
The qualities which may profitably be applied to a cross life are
uncommon and innumerable。 It is not given to all men to be light…
brained; light…limbed; light…fingered。 A courage which shall face an
enemy under the starlight; or beneath the shadow of a wall; which shall
track its prey to a well…defended lair; is far rarer than a law…abiding
cowardice。 The recklessness that risks all for a present advantage is
called genius; if a victorious general urge it to success; nor can you deny
to the intrepid Highwayman; whose sudden resolution triumphs at an
instant of peril; the possession of an admirable gift。 But all heroes have
not proved themselves excellent at all points。 This one has been
distinguished for the courtly manner of his attack; that other for a
prescience which discovers booty behind a coach… door or within the
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pocket of a buttoned coat。 If Cartouche was a master of strategy;
Barrington was unmatched in another branch; and each may claim the
credit due to a peculiar eminence。 It is only thus that you may measure
conflicting talents: as it were unfair to judge a poet by a brief experiment
in prose; so it would be monstrous to cheapen the accomplishments of a
pickpocket; because he bungled at the concealment of his gains。
A stern test of artistry is the gallows。 Perfect behaviour at an
enforced and public scrutiny may properly be esteemed an effect of talent…
…an effect which has not too often been rehearsed。 There is no reason
why the Scoundrel; fairly beaten at the last point in the game; should not
go to his death without swagger and without remorse。 At least he might
comfort himself with such phrases as ‘a dance without the music;' and he
has not often been lacking in courage。 What he has missed is dignity: his
pitfalls have been unctuosity; on the one side; bravado on the other。 It
was the Prison Ordinary; who first misled him into the assumption of a
piety which neither preacher nor disciple understood。 It was the Prison
Ordinary; who persuaded him to sign his name to a lying confession of
guilt; drawn up in accordance with a foolish and inexorable tradition; and
to deliver such a last dying speech as would not disappoint the mob。
The set phrases; the vain prayer offered for other sinners; the
hypocritical profession of a superior righteousness; were neither noble nor
sincere。 When Tom Jones (for instance) was hanged; in 1702; after a
prosperous career on Hounslow Heath; his biographer declared that he
behaved with more than usual ‘modesty and decency;' because he
‘delivered a pretty deal of good advice to the young men present;
exhorting them to be industrious in their several callings。' Whereas his
biographer should have discovered that it is not thus that your true hero
bids farewell to frolic and adventure。
As little in accordance with good taste was the last appearance of the
infamous Jocelin Harwood; who was swung from the cart in 1692 for
murder and robbery。 He arrived at Tyburn insolently drunk。 He
blustered and ranted; until the spectators hissed their disapproval; and he
died vehemently shouting that he would act the same murder again in the
same case。 Unworthy; also; was the last dying repartee of Samuel
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Shotland; a notorious bully of the Eighteenth Century。 Taking off his
shoes; he hurled them into the crowd; with a smirk of delight。 ‘My father
and mother often told me;' he cried; ‘that I should die with my shoes on;
but you may all see that I have made them both liars。' A great man dies
not with so mean a jest; and Tyburn was untouched to mirth by Shotland's
facile humour。
On the other hand; there are those who have given a splendid example
of a brave and dignified death。 Brodie was a sorry bungler when at work;
but a perfect artist at the gallows。 The glory of his last achievement will
never fade。 The muttered prayer; unblemished by hypocrisy; the jest
thrown at George Smitha metaphor from the gaming…tablethe silent
adjustment of the cord which was to strangle him; these last offices were
performed with an unparalleled quietude and restraint。 Though he had
pattered the flash to all his wretched accomplices; there was no trace of the
last dying speech in his final utterances; and he set an example of a simple
greatness; worthy to be followed even to the end of time。 Such is the
type; but others also have given proof of a serene temper。 Tom Austin's
masterpiece was in another kind; but it was none the less a masterpiece。
At the very moment that the halter was being put about his neck; he was
asked by the Chaplain what he had to say before he died。 ‘Only;' says he;
‘there's a woman yonder with some curds and whey; and I wish I could
have a pennyworth of them before I am hanged; because I don't know
when I shall see any again。' There is a brave irrelevance in this very
human desire; which is beyond praise。
Valia