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the life of thomas telford-第73章

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feet; which will be twenty when the canal is completed。  In a few

minutes a river was formed of no inconsiderable breadth; which ran

like a torrent into the Lochy。



〃On this part of the canal everything is completed; except that the

iron bridges for it; which are now on their way; are supplied by

temporary ones。  When the middle part shall be finished; the Lochy;

which at present flows in its own channel above the Regulating Lock;

will be dammed there; and made to join the Speyne by a new cut from

the lake。  The cut is made; and a fine bridge built over it。

We went into the cut and under the bridge; which is very near the

intended point of junction。  The string…courses were encrusted with

stalactites in a manner singularly beautiful。  Under the arches a

strong mound of solid masonry is built to keep the water in dry

seasons at a certain height; But in that mound a gap is left for

the salmon; and a way made through the rocks from the Speyne to

this gap; which they will soon find out。〃



Arrived at Dumbarton; Southey took leave of John Mitchell; who had

accompanied him throughout the tour; and for whom he seems to have

entertained the highest admiration:



〃He is indeed;〃 says Southey; 〃a remarkable man; and well deserving

to be remembered。  Mr。 Telford found him a working mason; who could

scarcely read or write。  But his good sense; his excellent conduct;

his steadiness and perseverance have been such; that he has been

gradually raised to be Inspector of all these Highland roads which

we have visited; and all of which are under the Commissioners' care

an office requiring a rare union of qualities; among others

inflexible integrity; a fearless temper; and an indefatigable

frame。  Perhaps no man ever possessed these requisites in greater

perfection than John Mitchell。  Were but his figure less Tartarish

and more gaunt; he would be the very 'Talus' of Spenser。  Neither

frown nor favour; in the course of fifteen years; have ever made

him swerve from the fair performance of his duty; though the lairds

with whom he has to deal have omitted no means of making him enter

into their views; and to do things or leave them undone; as might

suit their humour or interest。  They have attempted to cajole and to

intimidate him alike in vain。  They have repeatedly preferred

complaints against him in the hope of getting him removed from his

office; and a more flexible person appointed in his stead; and they

have not unfrequently threatened him with personal violence。

Even his life has been menaced。  But Mitchell holds right on。

In the midst of his most laborious life; he has laboured to improve

himself with such success; that he has become a good accountant;

makes his estimates with facility; and carries on his official

correspondence in an able and highly intelligent manner。  In the

execution of his office he travelled last year not less than 8800

miles; and every year he travels nearly as much。  Nor has this life;

and the exposure to all winds and weathers; and the temptations

either of company or of solicitude at the houses at which he puts

up; led him into any irregularities。  Neither has his elevation in

the slightest degree inflated him。  He is still the same temperate;

industrious; modest; unassuming man; as when his good qualities

first attracted Mr。 Telford's notice。〃



Southey concludes his journal at Longtown; a little town just

across the Scotch Border; in the following words:



〃Here we left Mr。 Telford; who takes the mail for Edinburgh。



This parting company; after the thorough intimacy which a long

journey produces between fellow…travellers who like each other; is

a melancholy thing。  A man more heartily to be liked; more worthy to

be esteemed and admired; I have never fallen in with; and therefore

it is painful to think how little likely it is that I shall ever

see much of him again;how certain that I shall never see so much。

Yet I trust that he will not forget his promise of one day making

Keswick in his way to and from Scotland。〃



Before leaving the subject of Telford's public works in the

Highlands; it may be mentioned that 875 miles of new roads were

planned by him; and executed under his superintendence; at an

expense of 454;189L。; of which about one…half was granted by

Parliament; and the remainder was raised by the localities

benefited。  Besides the new roads; 255 miles of the old military

roads were taken in charge by him; and in many cases reconstructed

and greatly improved。  The bridges erected in connexion with these

roads were no fewer than twelve hundred。  Telford also between the

year 1823 and the close of his life; built forty…two Highland

churches in districts formerly unprovided with them; and capable of

accommodating some 22;000 persons。



Down to the year 1854; the Parliamentary grant of 5000L。 a year

charged upon the Consolidated Fund to meet assessments and tolls of

the Highland roads; amounting to about 7500L。 a year; was

transferred to the annual Estimates; when it became the subject of

annual revision; and a few years since the grant was suddenly

extinguished by an adverse vote of the House of Commons。  The Board

of Commissioners had; therefore; nothing left but to deliver over

the roads to the several local authorities; and the harbours to the

proprietors of the adjacent lands; and to present to Parliament a

final account of their work and its results。  Reviewing the whole;

they say that the operations of the Commission have been most

beneficial to the country concerned。  They 〃found it barren and

uncultivated; inhabited by heritors without capital or enterprise;

and by a poor and ill…employed peasantry; and destitute of trade;

shipping; and manufactures。  They leave it with wealthy proprietors;

a profitable agriculture; a thriving population; and active

industry; furnishing now its fair proportion of taxes to the

national exchequer; and helping by its improved agriculture to meet

the ever…increasing wants of the populous south。〃



Footnotes for Chapter XIV。



*'1' We have been indebted to Mr。 Robert Rawlinson; C。E。; in whose

possession the MS。 now is; for the privilege of inspecting it; and

making the above abstract; which we have the less hesitation in

giving as it has not before appeared in print。



*'2' Mr。 Rickman was the secretary to the Highland Roads

Commission。



*'3' Referring to the famous battle of Bannockburn; Southey writes

〃This is the only great battle that ever was lost by the English。

At Hastings there was no disgrace。  Here it was an army of lions

commanded by a stag。〃



*'4' See View of Banff facing p。 216。





CHAPTER XV。



MR。 TELFORD'S LATER YEARSHIS DEATH AND CHARACTER。



When Mr。 Telford had occasion to visit London on business during

the early period of his career; his quarters were at the Salopian

Coffee House; now the Ship Hotel; at Charing Cross。  It is probable

that his Shropshire connections led him in the first instance to

the 'Salopian;' but the situation being near to the Houses of

Parliament; and in many respects convenient for the purposes of his

business; he continued to live there for no less a period than

twenty…one years。  During that time the Salopian became a favourite

resort of engineers; and not only Telford's provincial associates;

but numerous visitors from abroad (where his works attracted even

more attention than they did in England) took up their quarters

there。  Several apartments were specially reserved for Telford's

exclusive use; and he could always readily command any additional

accommodation for purposes of business or hospitality。



The successive landlords of the Salopian came to regard the

engineer as a fixture; and even bought and sold him from time to

time with the goodwill of the business。  When he at length resolved;

on the persuasion of his friends; to take a house of his own; and

gave notice of his intention of leaving; the landlord; who had

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