misc writings and speeches(Ã×˹¿Ë˵Óëд3)-µÚ32ÕÂ
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
when£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡7th¡¡of¡¡April¡¡1778£»¡¡he¡¡attended¡¡his¡¡father¡¡to¡¡Westminster¡£¡¡A¡¡
great¡¡debate¡¡was¡¡expected¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡known¡¡that¡¡France¡¡had¡¡recognised¡¡the¡¡
independence¡¡of¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡£¡¡The¡¡Duke¡¡of¡¡Richmond¡¡was¡¡about¡¡to¡¡
declare¡¡his¡¡opinion¡¡that¡¡all¡¡thought¡¡of¡¡subjugating¡¡those¡¡states¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡be¡¡
relinquished¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Chatham¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡always¡¡¡¡¡¡maintained¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡resistance¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
colonies¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mother¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡justifiable¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡conceived£»¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡
erroneously£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡day¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡independence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡
acknowledged¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡greatness¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡end¡£¡¡¡¡Though¡¡
sinking¡¡under¡¡the¡¡weight¡¡of¡¡years¡¡and¡¡infirmities£»¡¡he¡¡determined£»¡¡in¡¡spite¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡entreaties¡¡of¡¡his¡¡family£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡in¡¡his¡¡place¡£¡¡His¡¡son¡¡supported¡¡him¡¡to¡¡
a¡¡seat¡£¡¡The¡¡excitement¡¡and¡¡exertion¡¡were¡¡too¡¡much¡¡for¡¡the¡¡old¡¡man¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡
very¡¡act¡¡of¡¡addressing¡¡the¡¡peers£»¡¡he¡¡fell¡¡back¡¡in¡¡convulsions¡£¡¡A¡¡few¡¡weeks¡¡
later¡¡his¡¡corpse¡¡was¡¡borne£»¡¡with¡¡gloomy¡¡pomp£»¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Painted¡¡Chamber¡¡
to¡¡the¡¡Abbey¡£¡¡The¡¡favourite¡¡child¡¡and¡¡namesake¡¡of¡¡the¡¡deceased¡¡statesman¡¡
followed¡¡the¡¡coffin¡¡as¡¡chief¡¡mourner£»¡¡and¡¡saw¡¡it¡¡deposited¡¡in¡¡the¡¡transept¡¡
where¡¡his¡¡own¡¡was¡¡destined¡¡to¡¡lie¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡elder¡¡¡¡¡¡brother£»¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡Earl¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Chatham£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡means¡¡¡¡¡¡sufficient£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
barely¡¡sufficient£»¡¡to¡¡support¡¡the¡¡dignity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡peerage¡£¡¡The¡¡other¡¡members¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡family¡¡were¡¡poorly¡¡provided¡¡for¡£¡¡William¡¡had¡¡little¡¡more¡¡than¡¡three¡¡
hundred¡¡a¡¡year¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡necessary¡¡for¡¡him¡¡to¡¡follow¡¡a¡¡profession¡£¡¡He¡¡had¡¡
already¡¡begun¡¡to¡¡eat¡¡his¡¡terms¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡spring¡¡of¡¡1780¡¡he¡¡came¡¡of¡¡age¡£¡¡He¡¡
then¡¡quitted¡¡Cambridge£»¡¡was¡¡called¡¡to¡¡the¡¡bar£»¡¡took¡¡chambers¡¡in¡¡Lincoln's¡¡
Inn£»¡¡and¡¡joined¡¡the¡¡western¡¡¡¡¡¡circuit¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡autumn¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡that¡¡year¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡general¡¡
election¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡took¡¡¡¡¡¡place£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡offered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡candidate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡the¡¡
university£»¡¡but¡¡he¡¡was¡¡at¡¡the¡¡bottom¡¡of¡¡the¡¡poll¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡said¡¡that¡¡the¡¡grave¡¡
doctors£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡sate¡¡¡¡robed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡scarlet£»¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡benches¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Golgotha£»¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡89¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡90¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡£¡¡
thought¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡presumption¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡young¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡solicit¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡high¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
distinction¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡was£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡request¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡hereditary¡¡¡¡¡¡friend£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
Duke¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Rutland£»¡¡brought¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡Parliament¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡Sir¡¡¡¡¡¡James¡¡¡¡¡¡Lowther¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
borough¡¡of¡¡Appleby¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡dangers¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country¡¡were¡¡at¡¡that¡¡time¡¡such¡¡as¡¡might¡¡well¡¡have¡¡
disturbed¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡constant¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡£¡¡Army¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡army¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡sent¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡vain¡¡
against¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rebellious¡¡¡¡¡¡colonists¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡North¡¡¡¡¡¡America¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡On¡¡¡¡¡¡pitched¡¡¡¡¡¡fields¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
battle¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡advantage¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡disciplined¡¡¡¡¡¡troops¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mother¡¡
country¡£¡¡But¡¡it¡¡was¡¡not¡¡on¡¡pitched¡¡fields¡¡of¡¡battle¡¡that¡¡the¡¡event¡¡of¡¡such¡¡a¡¡
contest¡¡could¡¡be¡¡decided¡£¡¡An¡¡armed¡¡nation£»¡¡with¡¡hunger¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Atlantic¡¡
for¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡auxiliaries£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡subjugated¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Meanwhile¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡House¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Bourbon£»¡¡humbled¡¡to¡¡the¡¡dust¡¡a¡¡few¡¡years¡¡before¡¡by¡¡the¡¡genius¡¡and¡¡vigour¡¡
of¡¡Chatham£»¡¡had¡¡seized¡¡the¡¡opportunity¡¡of¡¡revenge¡£¡¡France¡¡and¡¡Spain¡¡were¡¡
united¡¡against¡¡us£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡recently¡¡been¡¡joined¡¡by¡¡Holland¡£¡¡The¡¡command¡¡
of¡¡the¡¡Mediterranean¡¡had¡¡been¡¡for¡¡a¡¡time¡¡lost¡£¡¡The¡¡British¡¡flag¡¡had¡¡been¡¡
scarcely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡able¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡maintain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡itself¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡British¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Channel¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡northern¡¡
powers¡¡professed¡¡neutrality£»¡¡but¡¡their¡¡neutrality¡¡had¡¡a¡¡menacing¡¡aspect¡£¡¡In¡¡
the¡¡¡¡¡¡East£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Hyder¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡descended¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Carnatic£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡destroyed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡little¡¡
army¡¡of¡¡Baillie£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡spread¡¡terror¡¡even¡¡to¡¡the¡¡ramparts¡¡of¡¡Fort¡¡Saint¡¡
George¡£¡¡The¡¡discontents¡¡of¡¡Ireland¡¡threatened¡¡nothing¡¡less¡¡than¡¡civil¡¡war¡£¡¡
In¡¡England¡¡the¡¡authority¡¡of¡¡the¡¡government¡¡had¡¡sunk¡¡to¡¡the¡¡lowest¡¡point¡£¡¡
The¡¡King¡¡and¡¡the¡¡House¡¡of¡¡Commons¡¡were¡¡alike¡¡unpopular¡£¡¡The¡¡cry¡¡for¡¡
parliamentary¡¡¡¡¡¡reform¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡scarcely¡¡¡¡¡¡less¡¡¡¡¡¡loud¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡vehement¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
autumn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1830¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Formidable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡associations£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡headed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinary¡¡
demagogues£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡high¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rank£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡stainless¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡character£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
distinguished¡¡¡¡¡¡ability£»¡¡¡¡¡¡demanded¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡revision¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡representative¡¡¡¡¡¡system¡£¡¡
The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡populace£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡emboldened¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡impotence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡irresolution¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡
government£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡recently¡¡¡¡¡¡broken¡¡¡¡¡¡loose¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡restraint£»¡¡¡¡¡¡besieged¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
chambers¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡legislature£»¡¡¡¡¡¡hustled¡¡¡¡¡¡peers£»¡¡¡¡¡¡hunted¡¡¡¡¡¡bishops£»¡¡¡¡¡¡attacked¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
residences¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡ambassadors£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡opened¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡prisons£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡burned¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡pulled¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡
houses¡£¡¡London¡¡had¡¡presented¡¡during¡¡some¡¡days¡¡the¡¡aspect¡¡of¡¡a¡¡city¡¡taken¡¡
by¡¡storm£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡had¡¡been¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡form¡¡¡¡a¡¡camp¡¡among¡¡the¡¡trees¡¡of¡¡
Saint¡¡James's¡¡Park¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡spite¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡dangers¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡difficulties¡¡¡¡¡¡abroad¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡home£»¡¡¡¡¡¡George¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡90¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡91¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡£¡¡
Third£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡firmness¡¡which¡¡had¡¡little¡¡affinity¡¡with¡¡virtue¡¡or¡¡with¡¡wisdom£»¡¡
persisted¡¡in¡¡his¡¡determination¡¡to¡¡put¡¡down¡¡the¡¡American¡¡rebels¡¡by¡¡force¡¡of¡¡
arms£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡ministers¡¡¡¡¡¡submitted¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡judgment¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Some¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡
were¡¡¡¡¡¡probably¡¡¡¡¡¡actuated¡¡¡¡¡¡merely¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡selfish¡¡¡¡¡¡cupidity£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡chief£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord¡¡
North£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of¡¡high¡¡honour£»¡¡amiable¡¡temper£»¡¡winning¡¡manners£»¡¡lively¡¡wit£»¡¡
and¡¡excellent¡¡talents¡¡both¡¡for¡¡business¡¡and¡¡for¡¡debate£»¡¡must¡¡be¡¡acquitted¡¡of¡¡
all¡¡sordid¡¡motives¡£¡¡He¡¡remained¡¡at¡¡a¡¡post¡¡from¡¡which¡¡he¡¡had¡¡long¡¡wished¡¡
and¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡repeatedly¡¡¡¡¡¡tried¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡escape£»¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡because¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡sufficient¡¡
fortitude¡¡to¡¡resist¡¡the¡¡entreaties¡¡and¡¡reproaches¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King£»¡¡who¡¡silenced¡¡
all¡¡arguments¡¡by¡¡passionately¡¡asking¡¡whether¡¡any¡¡gentleman£»¡¡any¡¡man¡¡of¡¡
spirit£»¡¡could¡¡have¡¡the¡¡heart¡¡to¡¡desert¡¡a¡¡kind¡¡master¡¡in¡¡the¡¡hour¡¡of¡¡extremity¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡opposition¡¡consisted¡¡of¡¡two¡¡parties¡¡which¡¡had¡¡once¡¡been¡¡hostile¡¡to¡¡
each¡¡other£»¡¡and¡¡which¡¡had¡¡been¡¡very¡¡slowly£»¡¡and£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡soon¡¡appeared£»¡¡very¡¡
imperfectly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡reconciled£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡conjuncture¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡seemed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡act¡¡
together¡¡with¡¡cordiality¡£¡¡The¡¡larger¡¡of¡¡these¡¡parties¡¡consisted¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡
body¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Whig¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡aristocracy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Its¡¡¡¡head¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Charles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Marquess¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Rockingham£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡of¡¡sense¡¡and¡¡virtue£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡wealth¡¡and¡¡parliamentary¡¡
interest¡¡¡¡¡¡equalled¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡few¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡nobles£»¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡afflicted¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
nervous¡¡¡¡¡¡timidity¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡prevented¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡taking¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡prominent¡¡¡¡¡¡part¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
debate¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡House¡¡of¡¡Commons£»¡¡the¡¡adherents¡¡of¡¡Rockingham¡¡were¡¡led¡¡
by¡¡Fox£»¡¡whose¡¡dissipated¡¡habits¡¡and¡¡ruined¡¡fortunes¡¡were¡¡the¡¡talk¡¡of¡¡the¡¡
whole¡¡town£»¡¡but¡¡whose¡¡commanding¡¡genius£»¡¡and¡¡whose¡¡sweet£»¡¡generous£»¡¡
and¡¡affectionate¡¡disposition£»¡¡extorted¡¡the¡¡admiration¡¡and¡¡love¡¡of¡¡those¡¡who¡¡
most¡¡¡¡¡¡lamented¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡errors¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡private¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Burke£»¡¡¡¡¡¡superior¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Fox¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡
largeness¡¡of¡¡comprehension£»¡¡in¡¡extent¡¡of¡¡knowledge£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡splendour¡¡of¡¡
imagination£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡less¡¡¡¡¡¡skilled¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡kind¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡logic¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡kind¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
rhetoric¡¡which¡¡convince¡¡and¡¡persuade¡¡great¡¡assemblies£»¡¡was¡¡willing¡¡to¡¡be¡¡
the¡¡lieutenant¡¡of¡¡a¡¡young¡¡chief¡¡who¡¡might¡¡have¡¡been¡¡his¡¡son¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡smaller¡¡section¡¡of¡¡the¡¡opposition¡¡was¡¡composed¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡followers¡¡
of¡¡Chatham¡£¡¡At¡¡their¡¡head¡¡was¡¡William£»¡¡Earl¡¡of¡¡Shelburne£»¡¡distinguished¡¡
both¡¡as¡¡a¡¡statesman¡¡and¡¡as¡¡a¡¡lover¡¡of¡¡science¡¡and¡¡letters¡£¡¡With¡¡him¡¡were¡¡
leagued¡¡Lord¡¡Camden£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡formerly¡¡held¡¡the¡¡Great¡¡Seal£»¡¡and¡¡whose¡¡
integrity£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ability£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡constitutional¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡knowledge¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡commanded¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡public¡¡
respect£»¡¡Barre£»¡¡an¡¡eloquent¡¡and¡¡acrimonious¡¡declaimer£»¡¡and¡¡Dunning£»¡¡who¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡91¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡92¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡£¡¡
had¡¡long¡¡held¡¡the¡¡first¡¡place¡¡at¡¡the¡¡English¡¡