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THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF LORD MACAULAY。 



                                 THE 

    MISCELLANEOUS 

         WRITINGS AND 

SPEECHES OF LORD 

               MACAULAY。 



                                VOLUME III。 



                       LORD MACAULAY。 



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      THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF LORD MACAULAY。 



                             CONTENTS。 



    CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA。 

    Francis Atterbury。 (December 1853) 

    John Bunyan。 (May 1854) 

    Oliver Goldsmith。 (February 1856) 

    Samuel Johnson。 (December 1856) 

    William Pitt。 (January 1859) 

    MISCELLANEOUS POEMS; INSCRIPTIONS; ETC。 

    Epitaph on Henry Martyn。 (1812) 

    Lines to the Memory of Pitt。 (1813) 

    A Radical War Song。 (1820) 

    The Battle of Moncontour。 (1824) 

    The    Battle  of  Naseby;   by  Obadiah    Bind…their…kings…in…chains…and… 

their…nobles…with…links…of…iron; Serjeant in Ireton's Regiment。 (1824) 

    Sermon in a Churchyard。 (1825) 

    Translation of a Poem by Arnault。 (1826) 

    Dies Irae。 (1826) 

    The Marriage of Tirzah and Ahirad。 (1827) 

    The    Country   Clergyman's    Trip  to  Cambridge。    An   Election  Ballad。 

(1827) 

    Song。 (1827) 

    Political Georgics。 (March 1828) 

    The Deliverance of Vienna。 (1828) 

    The Last Buccaneer。 (1839) 

    Epitaph on a Jacobite。 (1845) 

    Lines Written in August; 1847。 

    Translation from Plautus。 (1850) 

    Paraphrase   of   a   Passage   in   the   Chronicle   of   the   Monk   of   St   Gall。 

(1856) 

    Inscription on the Statue of Lord Wm。 Bentinck; at Calcutta。 (1835) 

    Epitaph on Sir Benjamin Heath Malkin; at Calcutta。 (1837) 

    Epitaph on Lord Metcalfe。 (1847) 



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       THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF LORD MACAULAY。 



                 FRANCIS ATTERBURY。 



     (December 1853。) 

     Francis     Atterbury;    a  man    who     holds   a  conspicuous       place   in  the 

political;   ecclesiastical;   and   literary   history   of   England;   was   born   in   the 

year 1662; at Middleton in Buckinghamshire; a parish of which his father 

was     rector。  Francis    was   educated     at  Westminster      School;    and   carried 

thence to Christchurch a stock of learning which; though really scanty; he 

through     life  exhibited    with    such   judicious    ostentation    that   superficial 

observers believed his attainments to be immense。 At Oxford; his parts; his 

taste;   and   his   bold;   contemptuous;   and   imperious   spirit;   soon   made   him 

conspicuous。 Here he published at twenty; his first work; a translation of 

the noble poem of Absalom and Achitophel into Latin verse。 Neither the 

style nor the versification of the young scholar was that of the Augustan 

age。    In  English     composition      he   succeeded     much     better。   In  1687    he 

distinguished himself among many able men who wrote in defence of the 

Church   of   England;   then   persecuted   by   James   II。;   and   calumniated   by 

apostates     who     had   for   lucre   quitted    her   communion。       Among       these 

apostates none was more active or malignant than Obadiah Walker; who 

was   master   of   University   College;   and   who   had   set   up   there;   under   the 

royal patronage; a press for printing tracts against the established religion。 

In    one   of  these    tracts;  written    apparently    by   Walker     himself;    many 

aspersions were thrown on Martin Luther。 Atterbury undertook to defend 

the great Saxon Reformer; and performed that task in a manner singularly 

characteristic。 Whoever examines his reply to Walker will be struck by the 

contrast   between   the   feebleness   of   those   parts   which   are   argumentative 

and   defensive;   and   the   vigour   of   those   parts   which   are   rhetorical   and 

aggressive。      The    Papists   were    so   much     galled    by   the  sarcasms     and 

invectives   of   the   young   polemic   that   they   raised   a   cry   of   treason;   and 

accused him of having; by implication; called King James a Judas。 

     After the Revolution; Atterbury; though bred in the doctrines of non… 

resistance     and    passive    obedience;      readily   swore     fealty   to   the   new 

government。        In  no   long    time   he   took   holy    orders。   He    occasionally 

preached   in   London   with   an   eloquence   which   raised   his   reputation;   and 



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        THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF LORD MACAULAY。 



soon had the honour of being appointed one of the royal chaplains。 But he 

ordinarily resided at Oxford; where he took an active part in academical 

business; directed the classical studies of the undergraduates of his college; 

and   was   the   chief   adviser   and   assistant   of   Dean   Aldrich;   a   divine   now 

chiefly      remembered         by     his    catches;     but    renowned        among       his 

contemporaries   as   a   scholar;   a   Tory;   and   a   high…churchman。   It   was   the 

practice;   not   a   very   judicious   practice;   of   Aldrich   to   employ   the   most 

promising youths of his college in editing Greek and Latin books。 Among 

the     studious     and    well…disposed        lads   who      were;    unfortunately       for 

themselves;   induced   to   become   teachers   of   philology   when   they   should 

have   been   content   to   be   learners;  was   Charles   Boyle;   son of the   Earl   of 

Orrery; and nephew of Robert Boyle; the great experimental philosopher。 

The task assigned to Charles Boyle was to prepare a new edition of one of 

the   most   worthless   books   in   existence。   It   was   a   fashion;   among   those 

Greeks and Romans who cultivated rhetoric as an art; to compose epistles 

and harangues in the names of eminent men。 Some of these counterfeits 

are   fabricated   with   such   exquisite   taste   and   skill   that   it   is   the   highest 

achievement of criticism to distinguish them from originals。 Others are so 

feebly and rudely executed that they can hardly impose on an intelligent 

schoolboy。 The best specimen which has come down to us is perhaps the 

oration   for   Marcellus;   such   an   imitation   of   Tully's   eloquence   as   Tully 

would himself have read with wonder and delight。 The worst specimen is 

perhaps   a   collection   of   letters   purporting   to   have   been   written   by   that 

Phalaris     who     governed      Agrigentum       more     than   500    years    before    the 

Christian      era。   The    evidence;     both    internal    and    external;    against    the 

genuineness        of  these    letters  is  overwhelming。         When;     in  the   fifteenth 

century; they emerged; in company with much that was far more valuable; 

from     their   obscurity;    they    were    pronounced       spurious    by   Politian;    the 

greatest scholar of Italy; and by Erasmus; the greatest scholar on our side 

of    the  Alps。    In   truth;  it  would     be   as  easy    to  persuade      an  educated 

Englishman   that   one   of   Johnson's   Ramblers   was   the   work   of   William 

Wallace      as  to   persuade     a  man    like  Erasmus      that   a  pedantic    exercise; 

composed   in   the   trim   and   artificial   Attic   of   the   time   of   Julian;   was   a 

despatch   written   by   a   crafty   and   ferocious   Dorian;   who   roasted   people 



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       THE MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS AND SPEECHES OF LORD MACAULAY。 



alive   many   years   before   there   existed   a   volume   of   prose   in   the   Greek 

language。 But; thoug

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