±´¿Çµç×ÓÊé > Ó¢ÎÄÔ­Öøµç×ÓÊé > early kings of norway(¹ÅŲÍþµÄ¹úÍõ) >

µÚ30ÕÂ

early kings of norway(¹ÅŲÍþµÄ¹úÍõ)-µÚ30ÕÂ

С˵£º early kings of norway(¹ÅŲÍþµÄ¹úÍõ) ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




hope£»¡¡¡¡¡¡further¡¡¡¡¡¡perfected£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡placing¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡court¡¡¡¡¡¡ladies£»¡¡¡¡¡¡court¡¡

officials£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡like£»¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡doubt¡¡if¡¡the¡¡luxury¡¡¡¡of¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡glass¡¡¡¡¡¡window¡¡¡¡were¡¡

ever¡¡known¡¡to¡¡him£»¡¡or¡¡a¡¡cup¡¡to¡¡drink¡¡from¡¡that¡¡was¡¡not¡¡made¡¡of¡¡metal¡¡or¡¡

horn¡£¡¡In¡¡fact¡¡it¡¡is¡¡chiefly¡¡for¡¡his¡¡son's¡¡sake¡¡I¡¡mention¡¡him¡¡here£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡

the¡¡son£»¡¡too£»¡¡I¡¡have¡¡little¡¡real¡¡concern£»¡¡but¡¡only¡¡a¡¡kind¡¡of¡¡fantastic¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡son¡¡bears¡¡the¡¡name¡¡of¡¡Magnus¡¡_Barfod_¡¡£¨Barefoot£»¡¡or¡¡Bareleg£©£»¡¡

and¡¡if¡¡you¡¡ask¡¡why¡¡so£»¡¡the¡¡answer¡¡is£º¡¡He¡¡was¡¡used¡¡to¡¡appear¡¡in¡¡the¡¡streets¡¡

of¡¡Nidaros¡¡£¨Trondhjem£©¡¡now¡¡and¡¡then¡¡in¡¡complete¡¡Scotch¡¡Highland¡¡dress¡£¡¡

Authentic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡tartan¡¡¡¡plaid¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡philibeg£»¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡epoch£»to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡wonder¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Trondhjem¡¡and¡¡us£¡¡¡The¡¡truth¡¡is£»¡¡he¡¡had¡¡a¡¡mighty¡¡fancy¡¡for¡¡those¡¡Hebrides¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡Scotch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡possessions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡his£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡seeing¡¡¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡quite¡¡

impossible£»¡¡eagerly¡¡speculated¡¡on¡¡some¡¡conquest¡¡in¡¡Ireland¡¡as¡¡next¡¡best¡£¡¡

He¡¡did£»¡¡in¡¡fact£»¡¡go¡¡diligently¡¡voyaging¡¡and¡¡inspecting¡¡among¡¡those¡¡Orkney¡¡

and¡¡Hebridian¡¡Isles£»¡¡putting¡¡everything¡¡straight¡¡there£»¡¡appointing¡¡stringent¡¡

authorities£»¡¡jarls£»nay£»¡¡a¡¡king£»¡¡¡¨Kingdom¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Suderoer¡¨¡¡£¨Southern¡¡Isles£»¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡91¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡92¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡EARLY¡¡KINGS¡¡OF¡¡NORWAY¡£¡¡



now¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡_Sodor_£©£»and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡king£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Sigurd£»¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡pretty¡¡¡¡¡¡little¡¡¡¡¡¡boy¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

nine¡¡years¡£¡¡All¡¡which¡¡done£»¡¡and¡¡some¡¡quarrel¡¡with¡¡Sweden¡¡fought¡¡out£»¡¡he¡¡

seriously¡¡¡¡¡¡applied¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡visiting¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡still¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡emphatic¡¡¡¡¡¡manner£»¡¡

namely£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡invading£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡best¡¡¡¡¡¡skill¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡strength£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡considerable¡¡

virtual¡¡or¡¡actual¡¡kingdom¡¡he¡¡had¡¡in¡¡Ireland£»¡¡intending¡¡fully¡¡to¡¡enlarge¡¡it¡¡to¡¡

the¡¡utmost¡¡limits¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Island¡¡if¡¡possible¡£¡¡He¡¡got¡¡prosperously¡¡into¡¡Dublin¡¡

£¨guess¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡£D¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1102£©¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Considerable¡¡¡¡¡¡authority¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡already¡¡¡¡¡¡had£»¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡

those¡¡poor¡¡Irish¡¡Kings£»¡¡or¡¡kinglets£»¡¡in¡¡their¡¡glibs¡¡and¡¡yellow¡­saffron¡¡gowns£»¡¡

still¡¡¡¡more£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡suppose£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡numerous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Norse¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Principalities¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡£¡¡

¡¨King¡¡Murdog£»¡¡King¡¡of¡¡Ireland£»¡¨¡¡says¡¡the¡¡Chronicle¡¡of¡¡Man£»¡¡¡¨had¡¡obliged¡¡

himself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡Yule¡­day£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡take¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡pair¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡shoes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡hang¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡

shoulder£»¡¡as¡¡your¡¡servant¡¡does¡¡on¡¡a¡¡journey£»¡¡and¡¡walk¡¡across¡¡his¡¡court£»¡¡at¡¡

bidding¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡presence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Magnus¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Barefoot's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡messenger£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

homage¡¡to¡¡the¡¡said¡¡¡¨King¡£¡¨¡¡Murdog¡¡on¡¡this¡¡greater¡¡occasion¡¡did¡¡whatever¡¡

homage¡¡could¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡required¡¡of¡¡him£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡that£»¡¡though¡¡¡¡¡¡comfortable£»¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡

from¡¡¡¡¡¡satisfying¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡King's¡¡¡¡¡¡ambitious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡left¡¡

Murdog£»¡¡left¡¡his¡¡own¡¡Dublin£»¡¡marched¡¡off¡¡westward¡¡on¡¡a¡¡general¡¡conquest¡¡

of¡¡Ireland¡£¡¡Marched¡¡easily¡¡victorious¡¡for¡¡a¡¡time£»¡¡and¡¡got£»¡¡some¡¡say£»¡¡into¡¡

the¡¡wilds¡¡of¡¡Connaught£»¡¡but¡¡there¡¡saw¡¡himself¡¡beset¡¡by¡¡ambuscades¡¡and¡¡

wild¡¡¡¡¡¡Irish¡¡¡¡¡¡countenances¡¡¡¡¡¡intent¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡mischief£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡had£»¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡sudden£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

draw¡¡up¡¡for¡¡battle£»place£»¡¡I¡¡regret¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡altogether¡¡undiscoverable¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡

known¡¡only¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡boggy¡¡in¡¡the¡¡extreme¡£¡¡Certain¡¡enough£»¡¡too¡¡certain¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡evident£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Magnus¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Barefoot£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡searching¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡eagerly£»¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡firm¡¡

footing¡¡there£»¡¡nor£»¡¡fighting¡¡furiously¡¡up¡¡to¡¡the¡¡knees¡¡or¡¡deeper£»¡¡any¡¡result¡¡

but¡¡honorable¡¡death£¡¡¡Date¡¡is¡¡confidently¡¡marked¡¡¡¨24¡¡August£»¡¡1103£»¡¨as¡¡if¡¡

people¡¡¡¡¡¡knew¡¡¡¡the¡¡very¡¡¡¡day¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡month¡£¡¡The¡¡natives¡¡did¡¡humanely¡¡¡¡give¡¡

King¡¡Magnus¡¡Christian¡¡burial¡£¡¡The¡¡remnants¡¡of¡¡his¡¡force£»¡¡without¡¡further¡¡

molestation£»¡¡found¡¡their¡¡ships¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Coast¡¡of¡¡Ulster£»¡¡and¡¡sailed¡¡home£»¡¡

without¡¡conquest¡¡of¡¡Ireland£»¡¡nay¡¡perhaps£»¡¡leaving¡¡royal¡¡Murdog¡¡disposed¡¡

to¡¡be¡¡relieved¡¡of¡¡his¡¡procession¡¡with¡¡the¡¡pair¡¡of¡¡shoes¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Magnus¡¡Barefoot¡¡left¡¡three¡¡sons£»¡¡all¡¡kings¡¡at¡¡once£»¡¡reigning¡¡peaceably¡¡

together¡£¡¡But¡¡to¡¡us£»¡¡at¡¡present£»¡¡the¡¡only¡¡noteworthy¡¡one¡¡of¡¡them¡¡was¡¡Sigurd£»¡¡

who£»¡¡finding¡¡nothing¡¡special¡¡to¡¡do¡¡at¡¡home£»¡¡left¡¡his¡¡brothers¡¡to¡¡manage¡¡for¡¡

him£»¡¡and¡¡went¡¡off¡¡on¡¡a¡¡far¡¡Voyage£»¡¡which¡¡has¡¡rendered¡¡him¡¡distinguishable¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡92¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡93¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡EARLY¡¡KINGS¡¡OF¡¡NORWAY¡£¡¡



in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡crowd¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Voyage¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Straits¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Gibraltar£»¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Jerusalem£»¡¡

thence¡¡to¡¡Constantinople£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡home¡¡through¡¡Russia£»¡¡shining¡¡with¡¡such¡¡

renown¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡filled¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡Norway¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡Sigurd¡¡

Jorsalafarer¡¡£¨Jerusalemer£©¡¡or¡¡Sigurd¡¡the¡¡Crusader¡¡henceforth¡£¡¡His¡¡voyage¡¡

had¡¡been¡¡only¡¡partially¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Viking¡¡type£»¡¡in¡¡general¡¡it¡¡was¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Royal¡­¡¡

Progress¡¡kind¡¡rather£»¡¡Vikingism¡¡only¡¡intervening¡¡in¡¡cases¡¡of¡¡incivility¡¡or¡¡

the¡¡like¡£¡¡His¡¡reception¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Courts¡¡of¡¡Portugal£»¡¡Spain£»¡¡Sicily£»¡¡Italy£»¡¡had¡¡

been¡¡¡¡¡¡honorable¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sumptuous¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Jerusalem¡¡¡¡¡¡broke¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡

utmost¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡splendor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡effusion¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡sight¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡pilgrim£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

Constantinople¡¡did¡¡its¡¡highest¡¡honors¡¡to¡¡such¡¡a¡¡Prince¡¡of¡¡Vaeringers¡£¡¡And¡¡

the¡¡truth¡¡is£»¡¡Sigurd¡¡intrinsically¡¡was¡¡a¡¡wise£»¡¡able£»¡¡and¡¡prudent¡¡man£»¡¡who£»¡¡

surviving¡¡¡¡¡¡both¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡brothers£»¡¡¡¡¡¡reigned¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡alone¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡solid¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

successful¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡shows¡¡¡¡¡¡features¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡original£»¡¡¡¡¡¡independent¡­thinking¡¡

man£»¡¡something¡¡of¡¡ruggedly¡¡strong£»¡¡sincere£»¡¡and¡¡honest£»¡¡with¡¡peculiarities¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡amiable¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡pathetic¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡character¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡temperament¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

him£»¡¡as¡¡certainly£»¡¡the¡¡course¡¡of¡¡life¡¡he¡¡took¡¡was¡¡of¡¡his¡¡own¡¡choosing£»¡¡and¡¡

peculiar¡¡enough¡£¡¡He¡¡happens¡¡furthermore¡¡to¡¡be£»¡¡what¡¡he¡¡least¡¡of¡¡all¡¡could¡¡

have¡¡chosen¡¡or¡¡expected£»¡¡the¡¡last¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Haarfagr¡¡Genealogy¡¡that¡¡had¡¡any¡¡

success£»¡¡or¡¡much¡¡deserved¡¡any£»¡¡in¡¡this¡¡world¡£¡¡The¡¡last¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Haarfagrs£»¡¡or¡¡

as¡¡good¡¡as¡¡the¡¡last£¡¡¡So¡¡that£»¡¡singular¡¡to¡¡say£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡in¡¡reality£»¡¡for¡¡one¡¡thing¡¡

only¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡Sigurd£»¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡crusadings¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡wonderful¡¡¡¡¡¡adventures£»¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

memorable¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡here£º¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡advent¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡Irish¡¡¡¡¡¡gentleman¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Gylle¡¡

Krist¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Gil¡­christ£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Servant¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Christ£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who£»not¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡welcome£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡

think£»¡¡but¡¡£¨unconsciously£©¡¡big¡¡with¡¡the¡¡above¡¡result£»appeared¡¡in¡¡Norway£»¡¡

while¡¡King¡¡Sigurd¡¡was¡¡supreme¡£¡¡Let¡¡us¡¡explain¡¡a¡¡little¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡Gylle¡¡Krist£»¡¡the¡¡unconsciously¡¡fatal¡¡individual£»¡¡who¡¡¡¨spoke¡¡Norse¡¡

imperfectly£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡declared¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡natural¡¡¡¡¡¡son¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡whilom¡¡¡¡¡¡Magnus¡¡

Barefoot£»¡¡born¡¡to¡¡him¡¡there¡¡while¡¡engaged¡¡in¡¡that¡¡unfortunate¡¡¡¨Conquest¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡Ireland¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Here¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡mother¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡me£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡Gilchrist£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨who¡¡

declares¡¡my¡¡real¡¡baptismal¡¡name¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡¡Harald£»¡¡given¡¡me¡¡by¡¡that¡¡

great¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡King£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡carry¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡­hot¡¡¡¡¡¡ploughshares¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡do¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡

reasonable¡¡ordeal¡¡in¡¡testimony¡¡of¡¡these¡¡facts¡£¡¡I¡¡am¡¡King¡¡Sigurd's¡¡veritable¡¡

half¡­brother£º¡¡what¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡Sigurd¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡fair¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡do¡¡with¡¡me£¿¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡Sigurd¡¡

clearly¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡have¡¡believed¡¡the¡¡man¡¡to¡¡be¡¡speaking¡¡truth£»¡¡and¡¡indeed¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡93¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡94¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡EARLY¡¡KINGS¡¡OF¡¡NORWAY¡£¡¡



nobody¡¡to¡¡have¡¡doubted¡¡but¡¡he¡¡was¡£¡¡Sigurd¡¡said£»¡¡¡¨Honorable¡¡sustenance¡¡

shalt¡¡thou¡¡have¡¡from¡¡me¡¡here¡£¡¡But£»¡¡under¡¡pain¡¡of¡¡extirpation£»¡¡swear¡¡that£»¡¡

neither¡¡in¡¡my¡¡time£»¡¡nor¡¡in¡¡that¡¡of¡¡my¡¡young¡¡son¡¡Magnus£»¡¡wilt¡¡thou¡¡ever¡¡

claim¡¡any¡¡share¡¡in¡¡this¡¡Government¡£¡¨¡¡Gylle¡¡swore£»¡¡and¡¡punctually¡¡kept¡¡his¡¡

promise¡¡¡¡¡¡during¡¡¡¡¡¡Sigurd's¡¡¡¡¡¡reign¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡during¡¡¡¡¡¡Magnus's£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡conspicuously¡¡

broke¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡result£»¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡reigns£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡during¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡four¡¡

generations¡¡¡¡¡¡afterwards£»¡¡¡¡¡¡produced¡¡¡¡¡¡unspeakable¡¡¡¡¡¡contentions£»¡¡¡¡¡¡massacrings£»¡¡

confusions¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡adopted¡£¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡reckoned£»¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡the¡¡

time¡¡of¡¡Sigurd's¡¡death¡¡£¨A¡£D¡£¡¡1130£©£»¡¡about¡¡a¡¡hundred¡¡years¡¡of¡¡civil¡¡war£º¡¡no¡¡

king¡¡allowed¡¡to¡¡distinguish¡¡himself¡¡by¡¡a¡¡solid¡¡reign¡¡of¡¡well¡­doing£»¡¡or¡¡by¡¡

any¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡continuing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡reign¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡all£»sometimes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡four¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡kings¡¡

s

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨1£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ