the writings-5-第56章

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extent　of　my　ability；　repel　force　by　force。　　In　case　it　proves　true

that　Fort　Sumter　has　been　assaulted；　as　is　reported；　I　shall　perhaps

cause　the　United　States　mails　to　be　withdrawn　from　all　the　States

which　claim　to　have　seceded；　believing　that　the　commencement　of

actual　war　against　the　Government　justifies　and　possibly　demands

this。



I　scarcely　need　to　say　that　I　consider　the　military　posts　and

property　situated　within　the　States　which　claim　to　have　seceded　as

yet　belonging　to　the　Government　of　the　United　States　as　much　as　they

did　before　the　supposed　secession。



Whatever　else　I　may　do　for　the　purpose；　I　shall　not　attempt　to

collect　the　duties　and　imposts　by　any　armed　invasion　of　any　part　of

the　country；　not　meaning　by　this；　however；　that　I　may　not　land　a

force　deemed　necessary　to　relieve　a　fort　upon　a　border　of　the

country。



》From　the　fact　that　I　have　quoted　a　part　of　the　inaugural　address；　it

must　not　be　inferred　that　I　repudiate　any　other　part；　the　whole　of

which　I　reaffirm；　except　so　far　as　what　I　now　say　of　the　mails　may　be

regarded　as　a　modification。









PROCLAMATION　CALLING　FOR　75；000　MILITIA；　AND　CONVENING　CONGRESS　IN

EXTRA　SESSION；　　APRIL　15；　1861。



BY　THE　PRESIDENT　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES　OF

AMERICA：



A　Proclamation。



Whereas　the　laws　of　the　United　States　have　been　for　some　time　past

and　now　are　opposed；　and　the　execution　thereof　obstructed；　in　the

States　of　South　Carolina；　Georgia；　Alabama；　Florida；　Mississippi；

Louisiana；　and　Texas；　by　combinations　too　powerful　to　be　suppressed

by　the　ordinary　course　of　judicial　proceedings；　or　by　the　powers

vested　in　the　marshals　bylaw：



Now；　therefore；　I；　ABRAHAM　LINCOLN；　President　of　the　United　States；

in　virtue　of　the　power　in　me　vested　by　the　Constitution　and　the　laws；

have　thought　fit　to　call　forth；　and　hereby　do　call　forth；　the　militia

of　the　several　States　of　the　Union；　to　the　aggregate　number　of

seventy…five　thousand；　in　order　to　suppress　said　combinations；　and　to

cause　the　laws　to　be　duly　executed。



The　details　for　this　object　will　be　immediately　communicated　to　the

State　authorities　through　the　War　Department。



I　appeal　to　all　loyal　citizens　to　favor；　facilitate；　and　aid　this

effort　to　maintain　the　honor；　the　integrity；　and　the　existence　of　our

National　Union；　and　the　perpetuity　of　popular　government；　and　to

redress　wrongs　already　long　enough　endured。



I　deem　it　proper　to　say　that　the　first　service　assigned　to　the　forces

hereby　called　forth　will　probably　be　to　repossess　the　forts；　places；

and　property　which　have　been　seized　from　the　Union；　and　in　every

event　the　utmost　care　will　be　observed；　consistently　with　the　objects

aforesaid；　to　avoid　any　devastation；　any　destruction　of　or

interference　with　property；　or　any　disturbance　of　peaceful　citizens

in　any　part　of　the　country。



And　I　hereby　command　the　persons　composing　the　combinations　aforesaid

to　disperse　and　retire　peacefully　to　their　respective　abodes　within

twenty　days　from　date。



Deeming　that　the　present　condition　of　public　affairs　presents　an

extraordinary　occasion；　I　do　hereby；　in　virtue　of　the　power　in　me

vested　by　the　Constitution；　convene　both　Houses　of　Congress。

Senators　and　Representatives　are　therefore　summoned　to　assemble　at

their　respective　chambers；　at　twelve　o'clock　noon；　on　Thursday；　the

fourth　day　of　July　next；　then　and　there　to　consider　and　determine

such　measures　as；　in　their　wisdom；　the　public　safety　and　interest　may

seem　to　demand。



In　witness　whereof；　I　have　hereunto　set　my　hand；　and　caused　the　seal

of　the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　city　of　Washington；　this　fifteenth　day　of　April；　in　the

year　of　our　Lord　one　thousand　eight　hundred　and　sixty…one；　and　of　the

independence　of　the　United　States　the　eighty…fifth。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；

Secretary　of　State。









PROCLAMATION　OF　BLOCKADE；　APRIL　19；　1861



BY　THE　PRESIDENT　OF　THE　UNITED　STATES　OF



AMERICA：



A　Proclamation。



Whereas　an　insurrection　against　the　Government　of　the　United　States

has　broken　out　in　the　States　of　South　Carolina；　Georgia；　Alabama；

Florida；　Mississippi；　Louisiana；　and　Texas；　and　the　laws　of　the

United　States　for　the　collection　of　the　revenue　cannot　be　effectually

executed　therein　conformably　to　that　provision　of　the　Constitution

which　requires　duties　to　be　uniform　throughout　the　United　States：



And　Whereas　a　combination　of　persons　engaged　in　such　insurrection

have　threatened　to　grant　pretended　letters　of　marque　to　authorize　the

bearers　thereof　to　commit　assaults　on　the　lives；　vessels；　and

property　of　good　citizens　of　the　country　lawfully　engaged　in　commerce

on　the　high　seas；　and　in　waters　of　the　United　States：



And　Whereas　an　executive　proclamation　has　been　already　issued

requiring　the　persons　engaged　in　these　disorderly　proceedings　to

desist　therefrom；　calling　out　a　militia　force　for　the　purpose　of

repressing　the　same；　and　convening　Congress　in　extraordinary　session

to　deliberate　and　determine　thereon：



Now；　therefore；　I；　Abraham　LINCOLN；　President　of　the　United　States；

with　a　view　to　the　same　purposes　before　mentioned；　and　to　the

protection　of　the　public　peace；　and　the　lives　and　property　of　quiet

and　orderly　citizens　pursuing　their　lawful　occupations；　until

Congress　shall　have　assembled　and　deliberated　on　the　said　unlawful

proceedings；　or　until　the　same　shall　have　ceased；　have　further　deemed

it　advisable　to　set　on　foot　a　blockade　of　the　ports　within　the　States

aforesaid；　in　pursuance　of　the　laws　of　the　United　States；　and　of　the

law　of　nations　in　such　case　provided。　　For　this　purpose　a　competent

force　will　be　posted　so　as　to　prevent　entrance　and　exit　of　vessels

from　the　ports　aforesaid。　　If；　therefore；　with　a　view　to　violate　such

blockade；　a　vessel　shall　approach　or　shall　attempt　to　leave　either　of

the　said　ports；　she　will　be　duly　warned　by　the　commander　of　one　of

the　blockading　vessels；　who　will　indorse　on　her　register　the　fact　and

date　of　such　warning；　and　if　the　same　vessel　shall　again　attempt　to

enter　or　leave　the　blockaded　port；　she　will　be　captured　and　sent　to

the　nearest　convenient　port；　for　such　proceedings　against　her　and　her

cargo；　as　prize；　as　may　be　deemed　advisable。



And　I　hereby　proclaim　and　declare　that　if　any　person；　under　the

pretended　authority　of　the　said　States；　or　under　any　other　pretense；

shall　molest　a　vessel　of　the　United　States；　or　the　persons　or　cargo

on　board　of　her；　such　person　will　be　held　amenable　to　the　laws　of　the

United　States　for　the　prevention　and　punishment　of　piracy。



In　witness　whereof；　I　have　hereunto　set　my　hand　and　caused　the　seal

of　the　United　States　to　be　affixed。



Done　at　the　city　of　Washington；　this　nineteenth　day　of　April；　in　the

year　of　our　Lord　one　thousand　eight　hundred　and　sixty…one；　and　of　the

independence　of　the　United　States　the　eighty…fifth。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。



By　the　President：

WILLIAM　H。　SEWARD；

Secretary　of　State。









TO　GOVERNOR　HICKS　AND　MAYOR　BROWN。



WASHINGTON；　April　20；　1861



GOVERNOR　HICKS　AND　MAYOR　BROWN。



GENTLEMEN：Your　letter　by　Messrs。　　Bond；　Dobbin；　and　Brune　is

received。　　I　tender　you　both　my　sincere　thanks　for　your　efforts　to

keep　the　peace　in　the　trying　situation　in　which　you　are　placed。



For　the　future　troops　must　be　brought　here；　but　I　make　no　point　of

bringing　them　through　Baltimore。　　Without　any　military　knowledge

myself；　of　course　I　must　leave　details　to　General　Scott。　　He　hastily

said　this　morning　in　the　presence　of　these　gentlemen；　〃March　them

around　Baltimore；　and　not　through　it。〃　I　sincerely　hope　the　General；

on　fuller　reflection；　will　consider　this　practical　and　proper；　and

that　you　will　not　object　to　it。　　By　this　a　collision　of　the　people　of

Baltimore　with　the　troops　will　be　avoided；　unless　they　go　out　of

their　way　to　seek　it。　　I　hope　you　will　exert　your　influence　to

prevent　this。