the wars of the jews-第69章

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e　forcing　the　place；　and　as　to　his　prevailing　with　the　people　of　Sepphoris　to　deliver　it　up　to　him。　By　this　means　he　provoked　the　Romans　to　treat　the　country　according　to　the　law　of　war；　nor　did　the　Romans；　out　of　the　anger　they　bore　at　this　attempt；　leave　off；　either　by　night　or　by　day；　burning　the　places　in　the　plain；　and　stealing　away　the　cattle　that　were　in　the　country；　and　killing　whatsoever　appeared　capable　of　fighting　perpetually；　and　leading　the　weaker　people　as　slaves　into　captivity；　so　that　Galilee　was　all　over　filled　with　fire　and　blood；　nor　was　it　exempted　from　any　kind　of　misery　or　calamity；　for　the　only　refuge　they　had　was　this；　that　when　they　were　pursued；　they　could　retire　to　the　cities　which　had　walls　built　them　by　Josephus。

2。　But　as　to　Titus；　he　sailed　over　from　Achaia　to　Alexandria；　and　that　sooner　than　the　winter　season　did　usually　permit；　so　he　took　with　him　those　forces　he　was　sent　for；　and　marching　with　great　expedition；　he　came　suddenly　to　Ptolemais；　and　there　finding　his　father；　together　with　the　two　legions；　the　fifth　and　the　tenth；　which　were　the　most　eminent　legions　of　all；　he　joined　them　to　that　fifteenth　legion　which　was　with　his　father；　eighteen　cohorts　followed　these　legions；　there　came　also　five　cohorts　from　Cesarea；　with　one　troop　of　horsemen；　and　five　other　troops　of　horsemen　from　Syria。　Now　these　ten　cohorts　had　severally　a　thousand　footmen；　but　the　other　thirteen　cohorts　had　no　more　than　six　hundred　footmen　apiece；　with　a　hundred　and　twenty　horsemen。　There　were　also　a　considerable　number　of　auxiliaries　got　together；　that　came　from　the　kings　Antiochus；　and　Agrippa；　and　Sohemus；　each　of　them　contributing　one　thousand　footmen　that　were　archers；　and　a　thousand　horsemen。　Malchus　also；　the　king　of　Arabia；　sent　a　thousand　horsemen；　besides　five　thousand　footmen；　the　greatest　part　of　which　were　archers；　so　that　the　whole　army；　including　the　auxiliaries　sent　by　the　kings；　as　well　horsemen　as　footmen；　when　all　were　united　together；　amounted　to　sixty　thousand；　besides　the　servants；　who；　as　they　followed　in　vast　numbers；　so　because　they　had　been　trained　up　in　war　with　the　rest；　ought　not　to　be　distinguished　from　the　fighting　men；　for　as　they　were　in　their　masters'　service　in　times　of　peace；　so　did　they　undergo　the　like　dangers　with　them　in　times　of　war；　insomuch　that　they　were　inferior　to　none；　either　in　skill　or　in　strength；　only　they　were　subject　to　their　masters。

CHAPTER　5。

A　Description　Of　The　Roman　Armies　And　Roman　Camps　And　Of　Other　Particulars　For　Which　The　Romans　Are　Commended。

1。　Now　here　one　cannot　but　admire　at　the　precaution　of　the　Romans；　in　providing　themselves　of　such　household　servants；　as　might　not　only　serve　at　other　times　for　the　common　offices　of　life；　but　might　also　be　of　advantage　to　them　in　their　wars。　And；　indeed；　if　any　one　does　but　attend　to　the　other　parts　of　their　military　discipline；　he　will　be　forced　to　confess　that　their　obtaining　so　large　a　dominion　hath　been　the　acquisition　of　their　valor；　and　not　the　bare　gift　of　fortune；　for　they　do　not　begin　to　use　their　weapons　first　in　time　of　war；　nor　do　they　then　put　their　hands　first　into　motion；　while　they　avoided　so　to　do　in　times　of　peace；　but；　as　if　their　weapons　did　always　cling　to　them；　they　have　never　any　truce　from　warlike　exercises；　nor　do　they　stay　till　times　of　war　admonish　them　to　use　them；　for　their　military　exercises　differ　not　at　all　from　the　real　use　of　their　arms；　but　every　soldier　is　every　day　exercised；　and　that　with　great　diligence；　as　if　it　were　in　time　of　war；　which　is　the　reason　why　they　bear　the　fatigue　of　battles　so　easily；　for　neither　can　any　disorder　remove　them　from　their　usual　regularity；　nor　can　fear　affright　them　out　of　it；　nor　can　labor　tire　them；　which　firmness　of　conduct　makes　them　always　to　overcome　those　that　have　not　the　same　firmness；　nor　would　he　be　mistaken　that　should　call　those　their　exercises　unbloody　battles；　and　their　battles　bloody　exercises。　Nor　can　their　enemies　easily　surprise　them　with　the　suddenness　of　their　incursions；　for　as　soon　as　they　have　marched　into　an　enemy's　land；　they　do　not　begin　to　fight　till　they　have　walled　their　camp　about；　nor　is　the　fence　they　raise　rashly　made；　or　uneven；　nor　do　they　all　abide　ill　it；　nor　do　those　that　are　in　it　take　their　places　at　random；　but　if　it　happens　that　the　ground　is　uneven；　it　is　first　leveled：　their　camp　is　also　four…square　by　measure；　and　carpenters　are　ready；　in　great　numbers；　with　their　tools；　to　erect　their　buildings　for　them。　（3）

2。　As　for　what　is　within　the　camp；　it　is　set　apart　for　tents；　but　the　outward　circumference　hath　the　resemblance　to　a　wall；　and　is　adorned　with　towers　at　equal　distances；　where　between　the　towers　stand　the　engines　for　throwing　arrows　and　darts；　and　for　slinging　stones；　and　where　they　lay　all　other　engines　that　can　annoy　the　enemy；　all　ready　for　their　several　operations。　They　also　erect　four　gates；　one　at　every　side　of　the　circumference；　and　those　large　enough　for　the　entrance　of　the　beasts；　and　wide　enough　for　making　excursions；　if　occasion　should　require。　They　divide　the　camp　within　into　streets；　very　conveniently；　and　place　the　tents　of　the　commanders　in　the　middle；　but　in　the　very　midst　of　all　is　the　general's　own　tent；　in　the　nature　of　a　temple；　insomuch；　that　it　appears　to　be　a　city　built　on　the　sudden；　with　its　market…place；　and　place　for　handicraft　trades；　and　with　seats　for　the　officers　superior　and　inferior；　where；　if　any　differences　arise；　their　causes　are　heard　and　determined。　The　camp；　and　all　that　is　in　it；　is　encompassed　with　a　wall　round　about；　and　that　sooner　than　one　would　imagine；　and　this　by　the　multitude　and　the　skill　of　the　laborers；　and；　if　occasion　require；　a　trench　is　drawn　round　the　whole；　whose　depth　is　four　cubits；　and　its　breadth　equal。

3。　When　they　have　thus　secured　themselves；　they　live　together　by　companies；　with　quietness　and　decency；　as　are　all　their　other　affairs　managed　with　good　order　and　security。　Each　company　hath　also　their　wood；　and　their　corn；　and　their　water　brought　them；　when　they　stand　in　need　of　them；　for　they　neither　sup　nor　dine　as　they　please　themselves　singly；　but　all　together。　Their　times　also　for　sleeping；　and　watching；　and　rising　are　notified　beforehand　by　the　sound　of　trumpets；　nor　is　any　thing　done　without　such　a　signal；　and　in　the　morning　the　soldiery　go　every　one　to　their　centurions；　and　these　centurions　to　their　tribunes；　to　salute　them；　with　whom　all　the　superior　officers　go　to　the　general　of　the　whole　army；　who　then　gives　them　of　course　the　watchword　and　other　orders；　to　be　by　them　cared　to　all　that　are　under　their　command；　which　is　also　observed　when　they　go　to　fight；　and　thereby　they　turn　themselves　about　on　the　sudden；　when　there　is　occasion　for　making　sallies；　as　they　come　back　when　they　are　recalled　in　crowds　also。

4。　Now　when　they　are　to　go　out　of　their　camp；　the　trumpet　gives　a　sound；　at　which　time　nobody　lies　still；　but　at　the　first　intimation　they　take　down　their　tents；　and　all　is　made　ready　for　their　going　out；　then　do　the　trumpets　sound　again；　to　order　them　to　get　ready　for　the　march；　then　do　they　lay　their　baggage　suddenly　upon　their　mules；　and　other　beasts　of　burden；　and　stand；　as　at　the　place　of　starting；　ready　to　march；　when　also　they　set　fire　to　their　camp；　and　this　they　do　because　it　will　be　easy　for　them　to　erect　another　camp；　and　that　it　may　not　ever　be　of　use　to　their　enemies。　Then　do　the　trumpets　give　a　sound　the　third　time；　that　they　are　to　go　out；　in　order　to　excite　those　that　on　any　account　are　a　little　tardy；　that　so　no　one　may　be　out　of　his　rank　when　the　army　marches。　Then　does　the　crier　stand　at　the　general's　right　hand；　and　asks　them　thrice；　in　their　own　tongue；　whether　they　be　now　ready　to　go　out　to　war　or　not？　To　which　they　reply　as　often；　with　a　loud　and　cheerful　voice；　saying；　〃We　are　ready。〃　And　this　they　do　almost　before　the　question　is　asked　them：　they　do　this　as　filled　with　a　kind　of　martial　fury；　and　at　the　same　time　that　they　so　cry　out；　they　lift　up　their　right　hands　also。　　5。　When；　after　this；　they　are　gone　out　of　their　camp；　they　all　march　without　noise；　and　in　a　decent　manner；　and　every　one　keeps　his　own　rank；　as　if　they　were　going　to　war。　The　footmen　are　armed　with　breastplates　and　head…