the wars of the jews-第158章
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t bring them all out； nor did he permit any who were desirous of worshipping God there so much as to come near the whole sacred place； but when he had shut up the gates； he made it entirely inaccessible； insomuch that there remained no longer the least footsteps of any Divine worship that had been in that place。 Now the duration of the time from the building of this temple till it was shut up again was three hundred and forty…three years。 CHAPTER 11。
Concerning Jonathan； One Of The Sicarii； That Stirred Up A Sedition In Cyrene； And Was A False Accuser ＇Of The Innocent＇。 1。 And now did the madness of the Sicarii； like a disease； reach as far as the cities of Cyrene； for one Jonathan； a vile person； and by trade a weaver； came thither and prevailed with no small number of the poorer sort to give ear to him； he also led them into the desert； upon promising them that he would show them signs and apparitions。 And as for the other Jews of Cyrene； he concealed his knavery from them； and put tricks upon them； but those of the greatest dignity among them informed Catullus； the governor of the Libyan Pentapolis； of his march into the desert； and of the preparations he had made for it。 So he sent out after him both horsemen and footmen； and easily overcame them； because they were unarmed men； of these many were slain in the fight； but some were taken alive； and brought to Catullus。 As for Jonathan； the head of this plot； he fled away at that time； but upon a great and very diligent search； which was made all the country over for him； he was at last taken。 And when he was brought to Catullus； he devised a way whereby he both escaped punishment himself； and afforded an occasion to Catullus of doing much mischief； for he falsely accused the richest men among the Jews； and said that they had put him upon what he did。 2。 Now Catullus easily admitted of these his calumnies； and aggravated matters greatly； and made tragical exclamations； that he might also be supposed to have had a hand in the finishing of the Jewish war。 But what was still harder； he did not only give a too easy belief to his stories； but he taught the Sicarii to accuse men falsely。 He bid this Jonathan； therefore； to name one Alexander； a Jew （with whom he had formerly had a quarrel； and openly professed that he hated him）； he also got him to name his wife Bernice； as concerned with him。 These two Catullus ordered to be slain in the first place； nay； after them he caused all the rich and wealthy Jews to be slain； being no fewer in all than three thousand。 This he thought he might do safely； because he confiscated their effects； and added them to Caesar's revenues。 3。 Nay； indeed； lest any Jews that lived elsewhere should convict him of his villainy； he extended his false accusations further； and persuaded Jonathan； and certain others that were caught with him； to bring an accusation of attempts for innovation against the Jews that were of the best character both at Alexandria and at Rome。 One of these； against whom this treacherous accusation was laid； was Josephus； the writer of these books。 However； this plot； thus contrived by Catullus； did not succeed according to his hopes； for though he came himself to Rome； and brought Jonathan and his companions along with him in bonds； and thought he should have had no further inquisition made as to those lies that were forged under his government； or by his means； yet did Vespasian suspect the matter and made an inquiry how far it was true。 And when he understood that the accusation laid against the Jews was an unjust one； he cleared them of the crimes charged upon them； and this on account of Titus's concern about the matter； and brought a deserved punishment upon Jonathan； for he was first tormented； and then burnt alive。 4。 But as to Catullus； the emperors Were so gentle to him； that he underwent no severe condemnation at this time； yet was it not long before he fell into a complicated and almost incurable distemper； and died miserably。 He was not only afflicted in body； but the distemper in his mind was more heavy upon him than the other； for he was terribly disturbed； and continually cried out that he saw the ghosts of those whom he had slain standing before him。 Where upon he was not able to contain himself； but leaped out of his bed； as if both torments and fire were brought to him。 This his distemper grew still a great deal worse and worse continually； and his very entrails were so corroded； that they fell out of his body； and in that condition he died。 Thus he became as great an instance of Divine Providence as ever was； and demonstrated that God punishes wicked men。 5。 And here we shall put an end to this our history； wherein we formerly promised to deliver the same with all accuracy； to such as should be desirous of understanding after what manner this war of the Romans with the Jews was managed。 Of which history； how good the style is； must be left to the determination of the readers； but as for its agreement with the facts； I shall not scruple to say； and that boldly； that truth hath been what I have alone aimed at through its entire composition。
WAR BOOK 7 FOOTNOTES
（1） Why the great Bochart should say； （De Phoenic。 Colon。 B。 II。 ch。 iv。；） that〃 there are in this clause of Josephus as many mistakes as words；〃 I do by no means understand。 Josephus thought Melchisedek first built； or rather rebuilt and adorned； this city； and that it was then called Salem； as Psalm 76：2； afterwards came to be called Jerusalem； and that Melchisedek； being a priest as well as a king； built to the true God therein a temple； or place for public Divine worship and sacrifice； all which things may be very true for aught we know to the contrary。 And for the word； or temple； as if it must needs belong to the great temple built by Solomon long afterward； Josephus himself uses； for the small tabernacle of Moses； Antiq。 B。 III。 ch。 6。 sect。 4； see also Antiq。 B。 lit。 ch。 6。 sect。 1； as he here presently uses； for a large and splendid synagogue of the Jews at Antioch； B。 VII。 ch。 3。 sect。 3。
（2） This Tereutius Rufus； as Reland in part observes here； is the same person whom the Talmudists call Turnus Rufus； of whom they relate； that 〃he ploughed up Sion as a field； and made Jerusalem become as heaps； and the mountain of the house as the high Idaces of a forest；〃 which was long before foretold by the prophet Micah； ch。 3：12； and quoted from him in the prophecies of Jeremiah； ch。 26：18。
（3） See Ecclesiastes 8：11。
（4） This Berytus was certainly a Roman colony； and has coins extant that witness the same； as Hudson and Spanheim inform us。 See the note on Antiq。 B。 XVI： ch。 11。 sect。 1。
（5） The Jews at Antioch and Alexandria； the two principal cities in all the East； had allowed them； both by the Macedonians； and afterwards by the Romans； a governor of their own； who was exempt from the jurisdiction of the other civil governors。 He was called sometimes barely 〃governor；〃 sometimes 〃ethnarch；〃 and ＇at Alexandria＇ 〃alabarch；〃 as Dr。 Hudson takes notice on this place out of Fuller's Miscellanies。 They had the like governor or governors allowed them at Babylon under their captivity there； as the history of Susanna implies。
（6） This Classicus； and Civilis； and Cerealis are names well known in Tacitus； the two former as moving sedition against the Romans； and the last as sent to repress them by Vespasian； just as they are here described in Josephus； which is the case also of Fontellis Agrippa and Rubrius Gallup； i； sect。 3。 But as to the very favorable account presently given of Domitian； particularly as to his designs in this his Gallic and German expedition； it is not a little contrary to that in Suetonius； Vesp。 sect。 7。 Nor are the reasons unobvious that might occasion this great diversity： Domitian was one of Josephus's patrons； and when he published these books of the Jewish war； was very young； and had hardly begun those wicked practices which rendered him so infamous afterward； while Suetonius seems to have been too young； and too low in life； to receive any remarkable favors from him； as Domitian was certainly very lewd and cruel； and generally hated； when Puetonius wrote about him。
（7） Since in these latter ages t
